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Chapter 14
SAFMEDSEXTRAWEEK
Term | Definition |
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Behavioral contrast | A change in one component of a multiple schedule creates a change in the opposite direction on the other, unaltered component of the schedule |
Conditioned punisher | Stimuli that are initially neutral and have acquired punishing capabilities due to pairing with other punishers |
Discriminative stimulus for punishment | A stimulus in the presence of which a response has a lower probability of occurrence as it is likely to be punished |
Generalized conditioned punisher | A conditioned punisher that, as a result of having been paired with many other punishers, does not depend on motivating operations for its effectiveness |
Negative punishment | The removal of a stimulus contingent on a response that decreases the future frequency of that behavior in similar conditions |
Positive punishment | The presentation of a stimulus contingent on a response that decreases the future frequency of that behavior in similar conditions |
Punisher | A stimulus whose change decreases the future frequency of behavior that immediately precedes it |
Punishment | A stimulus change contingent on a response that decreases the future frequency of that behavior in similar conditions |
Recovery from punishment | The occurrence of a previously punished response without its punishment consequence |
Unconditioned punisher | Stimuli that function as punishers irrespective of the organism’s learning history |
Negative punishment | The removal of a stimulus contingent on a response that decreases the future frequency of that behavior in similar conditions |
Generalized imitation | A learner imitates a wide variety of unprompted, untrained, non-reinforced modeled behaviors in different settings and situations |
Imitation | Engaging in a formally similar behavior immediately following a model that controls the behavior |
Observational learning | Entails detecting another person’s behavior and its consequences and using that information to determine whether or not to imitate the behavior |
Response interruption and redirection | A procedure that involves interrupting stereotypic problem behavior and redirecting the individual to engage in high probability behaviors |
overcorrection | the contingent engagement of an effortful task that has some relevance to the specific problem behavior |
response blocking | preventing completion of a problem behavior by physically intervening as soon as the individual starts to engage in it. |