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GEOG 203

QuestionAnswer
Tornadoes Form in Severe Thunderstorms
Tornadoes Speed 45-55 mph
Tornadoes Winds 300 mph (485 kph)
Tornadoes Length Few meters to 100s of meters in diameter
Thunderstorms Formation 1. Uplift and Adiabatic 2. Precipitation Starts 3. Downdrafts dominate
Thunderstorms Development 1. Warm, moist air masses 2. Along Cold fronts 3. orographic lifting (upslope winds)
Midlatitude Cyclone area of low pressure with converging and rising air
Cyclone stage 1 Cyclogenesis
Cyclone stage 2 Open stage
Cyclone Stage 3 Occluded Stage
Cyclone Stage 4 Dissolving Stage
Air Masses a homogenous body of air that has taken on the temperature and moisture characteristics of its source region
Cold Fronts cold air quickly forces up warm air, 400 km wide
Warm Fronts warm air gradually moves up and over cold air, 1000 km
Orographic lifting rain on windward side, rain shadow on leeward side, Chinook winds on leeward side
Convectional lifting Examples Dark Surfaces, urban heat islands, wildfires
Convectional Lifting air being heated from warm surface, air then rising up
Convergent lifting air lifting from low pressure and air masses coming together
Convergent lifting examples ITCZ, Lows (cyclones)
Dry Adiabatic Lapse Rate DAR, 10C/1000m, air is unsaturated
Moist Adiabatic Lapse Rate MAR, 6C/1000m, air is saturated
Stable parcel is cooler/denser. Parcel does not rise, temperature of parcel is less then temperature of environment
Unstable parcel is warmer/less dense. parcel rises and cools adiabatically, the temperature of the parcel is greater than the environment
Created by: griffo2022
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