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Pharmacology
Lacks Urinary Drugs - Will Add Later
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| "Quinidine" | "Class I Antiarrhythmic - Sodium channel blocker; used for atrial fibrillation & ventricular arrhythmias" |
| "Propranolol" | "Class II Antiarrhythmic - Beta blocker; used for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy & hypertension" |
| "Sotalol" | "Class III Antiarrhythmic - Potassium channel blocker; treats ventricular arrhythmias" |
| "Verapamil" | "Class IV Antiarrhythmic - Calcium channel blocker; treats supraventricular tachycardia" |
| "Furosemide (Lasix)" | "Loop Diuretic - Inhibits sodium reabsorption; used for reducing edema & blood pressure" |
| "Spironolactone" | "Potassium-Sparing Diuretic - Aldosterone antagonist; used for fluid retention" |
| "Pimobendan (Vetmedin)" | "Inodilator - Increases calcium sensitivity in cardiac myofilaments; treats congestive heart failure" |
| "Epinephrine" | "Catecholamine - Alpha & Beta-adrenergic agonist; used for cardiac resuscitation & anaphylaxis" |
| "Enalapril" | "ACE Inhibitor - Mixed vasodilator; treats heart failure & hypertension" |
| "Nitroglycerin" | "Venodilator - Reduces preload & pulmonary blood pressure; used for acute CHF" |
| "Xylazine" | "Alpha-2 Agonist - Provides sedation |
| "Dexmedetomidine (Dexdomitor)" | "Alpha-2 Agonist - More potent than medetomidine; reversible with atipamezole" |
| "Acepromazine" | "Phenothiazine Tranquilizer - Dopamine receptor antagonist; used for calming & motion sickness" |
| "Diazepam (Valium)" | "Benzodiazepine - GABA-A receptor modulator; used for muscle relaxation & seizure control" |
| "Ketamine" | "Dissociative Anesthetic - NMDA receptor antagonist; provides sedation & analgesia" |
| "Propofol" | "Injectable Anesthetic - GABA-A receptor modulator; used for induction of anesthesia" |
| "Isoflurane" | "Inhalant Anesthetic - Provides general anesthesia with minimal metabolism" |
| "Phenylpropanolamine (PPA)" | "Alpha Agonist - Increases urethral sphincter tone; used for urinary incontinence" |
| "Estriol" | "Estrogen - Increases alpha receptor sensitivity; treats urinary incontinence" |
| "Prazosin" | "Alpha Antagonist - Relaxes urethral smooth muscle; used for urethral obstruction" |
| "Bethanechol" | "Cholinergic Agonist - Stimulates bladder contraction; used for bladder atony" |
| "Finasteride" | "5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitor - Blocks testosterone metabolism; treats benign prostatic hyperplasia" |
| "Aluminum Hydroxide" | "Phosphate Binder - Reduces phosphate absorption in CKD patients" |
| "Ammonium Chloride" | "Urinary Acidifier - Used to dissolve struvite stones" |
| "Phenobarbital" | "Class: Barbiturate Anticonvulsant | MOA: Enhances GABA activity to reduce neuronal excitability | Notes: Requires therapeutic drug monitoring; liver metabolism" |
| "Bromide (KBr/NaBr)" | "Class: Anticonvulsant (Add-on) | MOA: Alters neuronal membrane potential | Notes: Long half-life; not for use in cats" |
| "Levetiracetam (Keppra®)" | "Class: Anticonvulsant | MOA: Unknown; interferes with neurotransmitter release | Notes: No hepatic metabolism; safe for liver-compromised patients" |
| "Zonisamide" | "Class: Anticonvulsant (Sulfa Drug Derivative) | MOA: Unknown; requires therapeutic monitoring | Notes: Risk of KCS |
| "Gabapentin" | "Class: Weak Anticonvulsant/Neuropathic Pain Agent | MOA: Alters calcium influx in nerve cells | Notes: More useful for pain management than seizures" |
| "Clomipramine (Clomicalm®)" | "Class: Tricyclic Antidepressant (TCA) | MOA: Inhibits serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake | Uses: OCD |
| "Fluoxetine (Reconcile®)" | "Class: Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI) | MOA: Increases serotonin levels by inhibiting reuptake | Uses: Separation anxiety |
| "Trazodone" | "Class: Serotonin Antagonist/Reuptake Inhibitor (SARI) | MOA: Blocks serotonin reuptake and antagonizes 5HT2A receptors | Uses: Short-term anxiety |
| "Selegiline (Anipryl®)" | "Class: Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOI) | MOA: Inhibits dopamine breakdown | Uses: Canine cognitive dysfunction |
| "Buspirone" | "Class: Azapirone | MOA: Partial serotonin agonist | Uses: Anxiety |
| "Epinephrine" | "Class: Adrenergic Agonist (Non-Selective) | MOA: Stimulates alpha and beta receptors | Uses: Emergency drug for anaphylaxis |
| "Atropine" | "Class: Anticholinergic (Parasympatholytic) | MOA: Blocks acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors | Uses: Preanesthetic |
| "Prazosin" | "Class: Alpha-1 Adrenergic Antagonist | MOA: Blocks alpha-1 receptors | Uses: Urethral spasms in cats and dogs" |
| "Xylazine" | "Class: Alpha-2 Adrenergic Agonist | MOA: Decreases norepinephrine release | Uses: Sedation |
| "Propranolol" | "Class: Beta Blocker (Beta-adrenergic Antagonist) | MOA: Blocks beta receptors | Uses: Treats cardiac arrhythmias |
| "Controlled Substances" | "Schedule II: High potential for abuse | Schedule III: Moderate potential for abuse | Schedule IV: Low potential for abuse (e.g. |
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