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Objects in Space
7th Grade Unit 13
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Inner Layers | the core, radiative zone, and convective zone |
| Outer Layers | the "photosphere" (visible surface), "chromosphere" (a thin layer above the photosphere), and the "corona" which is the outermost layer, appearing as a halo during a total solar eclipse; |
| Photosphere | the lowest layer of the sun's atmosphere — the innermost layer we can observe directly. The term photosphere means "sphere of light" and is the layer where most of the sun's energy is emitted. |
| Chromosphere | means “sphere of color.” This is the second of the Sun's three main layers of atmosphere. This layer sits just above the photosphere between about 400 km (250 miles) and 2,100 km (1,300 miles) above the solar surface. |
| Corona | the outermost layer of the sun's atmosphere. It's made of plasma, or ionized gas, and is much hotter than the sun's surface |
| Terrestrial | planets made of rock and metal with a solid surface. They are also known as rocky planets or inner planets. |
| Gas Planets | a large planet primarily made up of gases like hydrogen and helium, meaning it doesn't have a solid surface you could stand on |
| Astronomical Unit (au) | the average distance between Earth and the Sun, which is about 93 million miles or 150 million kilometers |
| Asteroid | small, rocky objects that orbit the Sun |
| Asteroid Belt | a region of space between Mars and Jupiter where most asteroids orbit the sun. It's made up of millions of asteroids |
| Comet | a small, icy object that orbits the sun and has a long "tail" of gas. |
| Meteor | a streak of light in the sky caused by a meteoroid crashing through Earth's atmosphere. Meteoroids are lumps of rock or iron that orbit the sun. Most meteoroids are small fragments of rock created by asteroid collisions |
| Meteor Shower | a celestial event in which a number of meteors are observed to radiate, or originate, from one point in the night sky. |
| Meteorite | a meteor that survives its passage through the earth's atmosphere such that part of it strikes the ground |
| Kuiper Belt | a large, doughnut-shaped region beyond the orbit of Neptune, filled with icy objects including dwarf planets like Pluto, essentially a collection of leftover debris from the solar system's formation |
| Oort Cloud | a spherical shell of icy objects that surrounds our solar system. It's considered the edge of our solar system |
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klstorie
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