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7 Vocab
Granison vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Chemical weathering | the chemical breakdown and decomposition of rocks by natural processes in the environment |
| Abration | the process by which rock is reduced in size by the scraping action of other rocks driven by water, wind, and gravity |
| Acid precipitation | precipitation, such as rain, sleet, or snow, that contains a high concentration of acids, often because of the pollution of the atmosphere |
| Oxidation | a chemical reaction in which a material combines with oxygen to form new material; in geology, oxidation is a form of chemical weathering |
| Physical weathering | the mechanical breakdown of rocks into smaller pieces that is caused by natural processes and that does not change the chemical composition of the rock material |
| Weathering | the natural process by which atmospheric and environmental agents, such as wind, rain, and temperature changes, disintegrate and decompose rocks |
| L2 | |
| erosion | the process by which wind, water, ice, or gravity transports soil and sediment from one location to another |
| desposition | the process in which material is laid down |
| sandbar | sand deposited along the shore of a lake or sea |
| beach | an area of the shoreline that is made up of deposited sediment |
| floodplain | |
| delta | a mass of material deposited in a triangular or fan shape at the mouth of a river or stream |
| alluvial fan | a fan-shaped mass of rock material deposited by a stream when the slope of the land decreases sharply |
| shoreline | the boundary between land and a body of water |
| groundwater | the water that is beneath Earth’s surface |
| barrier island | a long ridge of sand or narrow island that lies parallel to the shore |
| L3 | |
| dune | a mound of wind-deposited sand that moves as a result of the action of wind |
| loess | fine-grained sediments of quartz, feldspar, hornblende, mica, and clay deposited by the wind |
| creep | the slow downhill movement of weathered rock material |
| rockfall | the rapid mass movement of rock down a steep slope or cliff |
| glacier | a large mass of ice that exists year-round and moves over land |
| glacial drift | the rock material carried and deposited by glaciers |
| landslide | the sudden movement of rock and soil down a slope |
| mudflow | mudflow the flow of a mass of mud or rock and soil mixed with a large amount of water |
| L4 | |
| mountain | an area of significantly increased elevation on Earth’s surface, usually rising to a summit |
| lake | a filled or partially filled basin of fresh or salt water surrounded by land |
| river | a large natural stream of water that flows across land surfaces within a channel |
| coastline | a location where land and ocean surface meet |
| 7 Lesson 1 | |
| trace fossil | a fossilized structure, such as a footprint or a coprolite, that formed in sedimentary rock by animal activity on or within soft sediment |
| fossil | the trace or remains of an organism that lived long ago, most commonly preserved in sedimentary rock |
| ice core | a long cylinder of ice obtained from drilling through ice caps or ice sheets; used to study past climates |
| climate | the weather conditions in an area over a long period of time |
| uniformitarianism | a principle that geologic processes that occurred in the past can be explained by current geologic processes |
| 7 Lesson 2 | |
| relative dating | any method of determining whether an event or object is older or younger than other events or objects |
| superposition | a principle that states that younger rocks lie above older rocks if the layers have not been disturbed |
| unconformity | a break in the geologic record created when rock layers are eroded or when sediment is not deposited for a long period of time |
| geologic column | an ordered arrangement of rock layers that is based on the relative ages of the rocks and in which the oldest rocks are at the bottom |
| 7 L3 | |
| half-life | the time required for half of a sample of a radioactive isotope to break down by radioactive decay to form a daughter isotope |
| absoulute dating | any method of measuring the age of an event or object in years |
| radioactive decay | the process in which a radioactive isotope tends to break down into a stable isotope of the same element or another element |
| radiometric dating | a method of determining the absolute age of an object by comparing the relative percentages]];'/'] |
Created by:
Bradley J
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