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GI Exam 2 PCOL

BrandGeneric MOADisease Category
Metamucil Psyllium Indigestible, hydrophillic colloids that absorb water to form a gel, distends colon Constipation IBS-C
FiberCon Polycarbophil Indigestible, hydrophillic colloids that absorb water to form a gel, distends colon Constipation
Methylcellulose Citrucel Indigestible, hydrophillic colloids that absorb water to form a gel, distends colon Constipation
Colace docusate Stool softener ↑ H2O and lipids to penetrate colon and absorbed by stool Constipation
Mikinol Mineral Oil Emollient/Lubricant Lubricates fecal matter ↓ H2O absorption Constipation
Miralax PEG Soluble but non-absorbable compounds that draw water into stool ↑ H2O retention ↑ peristalsis Colonic cleansing Constipation IBS-C
Pizensy Lactitol Soluble but non-absorbable compounds that draw water into stool ↑ H2O retention ↑ peristalsis Constipation
Milk of Magnesia Magnesium hydroxide aka: osmotic laxatives keeps electrolytes in colon& water retention in the stool ↑ peristalsis Constipation
Fleet Enema Sodium phosphate aka: osmotic laxatives/saline laxative keeps electrolytes in colon& water retention in the stool ↑ peristalsis Constipation
Ex-Lax, Sennakot Senna (natural laxative) Stimulant Laxative Stimulates ENS to enhance peristalsis defecation ↑water electrolytes in small intestinal fluid ↓ water absorption in large intestine Constipation
Dulcolax Bisacodyl (synthetic laxative) Stimulant Laxative Stimulates ENS to enhance peristalsis defecation ↑water electrolytes in small intestinal fluid ↓ water absorption in large intestine Constipation
Movantik Naloxegol MOR antagonists for OIC intestinal opioid receptor antagonists ↓ water absorption ↓ delay in Gl tract transit time Constipation
Symproic Naldemedine MOR antagonists for OIC intestinal opioid receptor antagonists ↓ water absorption ↓ delay in Gl tract transit time Constipation
Relistor Methylnaltrexone MOR antagonists for OIC intestinal opioid receptor antagonists ↓ water absorption ↓ delay in Gl tract transit time Constipation
Imodium Loperamide Anti-motility agent MOR Opioid agonist ↓ ACh, SHT release peristalsis prolongs transit time ↑ fluid absorption (feces -> intestine) ↑ tone of anal sphincter antimuscarinic effects discourage over dose Diarrhea IBS-D
Diphenoxylate-Atropine Anti-motility agent MOR Opioid agonist ↓ ACh, SHT release peristalsis prolongs transit time ↑ fluid absorption (feces -> intestine) ↑ tone of anal sphincter antimuscarinic effects discourage over dose Diarrhea
Pepto Bismol Bismuth Subsalicylate Protective layer agonist and pepsin Inhibits intestinal prostaglandin ↓ stool frequency Improves stool consistency Diarrhea
Sandostatin Octreotide Somatostatin analog Inhibits intestinal secretion Dose dependent effects on Gl motility high doses inhibit gastric emptying colonic motility Diarrhea
Cholestyramine Bile Salt Binding Resin Sequestrant, traps bile in the intestine via charged (electrostatic) interactions Diarrhea IBS-D
Lactaid Digestive Enzymes Diarrhea
Probiotics Diarrhea
Absorbents Diarrhea
Linzess Linaclotide Guanylate cyclase-c agonist, & ↑ cGMP activates CFTR ↑ Cl- secretion into intestine Accelerates intestinal transit rate IBS-C
Trulance Plecanatide Guanylate cyclase-c agonist, & ↑ cGMP activates CFTR ↑ Cl- secretion into intestine Accelerates intestinal transit rate IBS-C
Ibsrela Tenapanor Na+/H+ Exchanger 3 inhibitor NHE3 inhibitor ↓ Gl absorption of dietary Na+ ↑ gut Na+ water to loosen stool (accelerate transit time) IBS-C in adults
Amtiza Lubiprostone Chloride channel activator Activates type-2 Cl- channels ↑ Cl- secretion into intestine stimulates motility shortens transit time ADULT FEMALES with IBS-C
Viberzi Eluxadoline Opioid Agonist MOR/KOR agonist, DOR antagonist Prolongs transit time Reduces abdominal pain ↑ tone of anal sphincter ↓ ACh, 5-HT release and peristalsis IBS-D
Xifaxan Rifaximin Non-absorbable rifamycin antibacterial Activity against gram (+) and gram (-) IBS-D
Lotronex Alosetron Potent, selective 5-HT3 antagonist Inhibition of visceral afferent pain sensation (gut to spinal cord/CNS) Inhibits colonic motility IBS-D
Bentyl Dicyclomine Hyoscyamine Anticholingergic/ Antispasmodic Muscarinic ACh receptor antagonist in smooth muscle and ENS Smooth muscle relaxation, improves abdominal pain and bloating Inhibits acid secretion in parietal cells IBS-D & IBS-C
Remicade Infliximab TNF-a inhibitor monoclonal antibody against tumor necrosis factor soluble and membrane bound prevents TNF-a stimulation of TNFR on immune cells ↓ proinflammatory cytokine release, T-cell proliferation and endothelial adhesion molecules IBD-induction and maintenance for CD/UC moderate-severe
Humira Adalimumab TNF-a inhibitor monoclonal antibody against tumor necrosis factor soluble and membrane bound prevents TNF-a stimulation of TNFR on immune cells ↓ proinflammatory cytokine release, T-cell proliferation and endothelial adhesion molecules IBD-induction and maintenance for CD/UC if lost response to infliximab
Cimtiza Certolizumab TNF-a inhibitor Crohn's disease (CD) (just know this drug is out there)
Simponi Golimumab TNF-a inhibitor monoclonal antibody against tumor necrosis factor soluble and membrane bound prevents TNF-a stimulation of TNFR on immune cells ↓ proinflammatory cytokine release, T-cell proliferation and endothelial adhesion molecules Ulcerative Colitis (UC)
Entyvio Vedolizumab Integrin inhibitor Moderate-severe CD/UC
Tysabri Natalizumab Integrin inhibitor Crohn's's disease (CD)
Zeposia Ozanimod S1P modulator binds to and activates SIP receptors on immune cells presents cell migration into inflammed colon ↓ lymphocyte egress Moderate-severe Ulcerative Colitis (UC)
Velsipity Etrasimod S1P modulator binds to and activates SIP receptors on immune cells presents cell migration into inflammed colon ↓ lymphocyte egress Moderate-severe Ulcerative Colitis (UC)
Stelara Ustekinumab monocional antibody against IL-12 / IL-23 ↓ activation of NK Cells, THI cells, TNF-a expression, T-cell differentiation Moderate-severe CD/UC
Skyrizi Risankizumab mAb against IL-23 Moderate-severe Ulcerative colitis (UC)
Omvoh Mirikizumab mAb against IL-23 Moderate-Severe Ulcerative Colitis (UC) AND Crohn's Disease (CD)
Tremfya Guselkumab mAb against IL-23 Moderate-severe Ulcerative Colitis (UC)
Xeljanz Tofacitnib JAK inhibitors Selective JAK (janus Kinase)Inhibitor ↓ phos-STAT, transcription factor ↓ TNF-a expression ↓ T-cell, B-cells, NK differentiation Moderate-Severe Ulcerative Colitis (UC) if unresponsive to TNF-a inhibitors
Rinvoq Upadacitnib JAK inhibitors Selective JAK (janus Kinase)Inhibitor ↓ phos-STAT, transcription factor ↓ TNF-a expression ↓ T-cell, B-cells, NK differentiation Moderate-Severe Ulcerative Colitis (UC) if unresponsive to TNF-a inhibitors
Created by: lillyc3
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