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Aq Inverts Exam II
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Collembola | Class; live on surface of calm aquatic habitats, paddle-shaped furcula (works like a spring), feed on algae/detritus/etc. on water film, three pairs of jointed legs |
| Insecta | Class; antennae, mouthparts, 3 segmented thorax each with sclerites (wing pads), 5 leg segments, caudal appendages & gills on abdomen, metamorphosis, tracheal system (external gills, cutaneous respiration, bubbles or plastron, siphons), prefer animal food |
| Collembola: | Springtails |
| Insecta: | Odonata, Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Megaloptera, Trichoptera, & Diptera |
| Odonata | Order; Colorful, excellent fliers, mask shaped raptorial labium, most univoltine, emerge at night, acid tolerant, highly predaceous, intraguild predation, leave habitats seeking better conditions, three plate-like gills or five points at end of abdomen |
| Ephemeroptera | Order; Subimago (pre-adult) & imago (adult) stages, non-feeding adults, mostly scrape or collect, emerge: daytime/dark & synchronous/dispersed, sensitive, mate & fly upstream, Abdomen usually has gills & two cerci & median caudal filament, tarsi: 1 claw |
| Plecoptera | Order; Arctoperlaria & Antarctoperlaria lineages diverged @ Pangaea's end, 2 cerci, 3 segment 'foot', tarsi with 2 claws, labium: glossae & paraglossae (pinchers in predators), gills forked/tufted/absent, omnivores, pushups 4 O2, vibrational communication |
| Hemiptera | Order; True bugs, Proboscis, Triangular Scutellum, Front wings form X, Mesothoracic wings= half-hardened (Front Wings=leathery at base but membranous towards apex) |
| Coleoptera | Order; Mesothoracic wings hardened, mandibulate/chewing mouthparts (adults) |
| Megaloptera | Order; Antennae three or more segments, long lateral filaments, look kind of like centipedes (larvae) |
| Trichoptera | Order; Caterpillar-like body, often make casings, short antennae (larvae) |
| Diptera | Order; No jointed legs, worm-like, some with head capsules (larvae) |
| Odonata: | Zygoptera & Anisoptera (Suborder) |
| Ephemeroptera: | Baetidae, Isonychiidae, Heptageniidae, Leptophlebiidae, Ephemerellidae, Caenidae, & Ephemeridae (Family) |
| Plecoptera: | Pteronarcyidae, Perlidae, Perlodidae, & Capniidae (Family) |
| Hemiptera: | Corixidae, Notonectidae, Belostomatidae, Pleidae, Nepidae, Gerridae, & Veliidae (Family) |
| Coleoptera: | Beetles |
| Megaloptera: | Dobsonflies, Fishflies, & Alderflies |
| Trichoptera: | Caddisflies |
| Diptera: | Mosquitos, flies, gnats, & midges |
| Odonata body plans: | Claspers: submerged objects & vegetation, Sprawlers: flat on bottom, Hiders: hide in detritus & cavities between stones, Burrowers: shallowly buried with head & tip of abdomen exposed |
| Ephemeroptera body plans: | Climbers: submerged vegetation (blend in with plants), Sprawlers: in silt/mud (operculum), Burrowers: excavate tunnels (Fossorial legs), Clingers: objects in lotic systems (streamlined body), Swimmers: Dart around (Black backs) |
| Plecoptera body plans: | Sprawlers: rocks (flat body, flat head, legs come off sides), Trash dwellers: under detritus (sclerotized bodies), Hyporheic/Amphibotic: DEEP in substrate (loss of pigment/eyes/gills, often don't emerge), Terrestrial: forests (reduced gills and cerci) |
| Zygoptera | Suborder; slender, three terminal caudal gills with plates, wings rest upwards, labium |
| Anisoptera | Suborder; Robust, wings rest laterally, rectal gill chamber, five points at end of abdomen, labium |
| Zygoptera: | Calopterygidae, Lestidae, & Coenagrionidae (Family) |
| Anisoptera: | Aeshnidae, Gomphidae, Libellulidae/Corduliidae, & Cordulegastridae (Family) |
| Calopterygidae | Family; Extremely long 1st antennal segment, Crawlers (Submerged root mats of undercut banks) |
| Lestidae | Family; Very long labium, extremely long & slender, antennal segments equal, Crawlers (thick vegetation, lentic) |
| Coenagrionidae | Family; shorter, antennal segments equal, labium not long, Lentic & Lotic |
| Gomphidae | Family; Flat mask, Thick 4 segmented antennae (4th minute), Tips of front and middle tarsi flattened and hooked for burrowing, banana-shaped (arched back), burrowers or leaf-packs (Hagenius) |
| Aeshnidae | Family; Flat labium, elongate spindle-shaped body (tapering abdomen), climbers |
| Corduliidae | Family; Labial mask, segment IX with dorsal hook and lateral spines > those of segment VIII, sprawlers/climbers (cool lentic or lotic environments) |
| Libellulidae | Family; Labial mask, segment IX without dorsal hook or with lateral spines much smaller than 3x the length of segment VIII, sprawlers/climbers (cool lentic or lotic environments) |
| Cordulegastridae | Family; Labial mask with large irregular teeth, lentic environments, very common |
| Baetidae | Family; Transparent, Labium with medial notch, frontal suture extends to ocelli, antennae length: 2x the width of head, minnow-like, widespread |
| Isonychiidae | Family; Fore femora/tibia with double rows of long setae on inner side, lotic environments, filter feed |
| Heptageniidae | Family; Body flattened, Gills on segments one-seven= semi-oval with tufts @ base, mandibles not visible from above, lotic, one species in Lake Superior at 25-100m |
| Leptophlebiidae | Family; Forked or pointed gills on segments 1-6 or 1-7, sprawlers among gravel/debris/root mats |
| Ephemerellidae | Family; No gills on segment two, plate-like gills on segments three-seven or four-seven, tubercules, posterolateral spines on abdomen, wide variety of habitats |
| Caenidae | Family; Robust thorax, operculate gills (quadrate, segment two), burrowers, silty areas |
| Ephemeridae | Family; Mandibular tusks upturned, gills dorsal, fossorial legs, tubes in silty substrate, lakes & quiet parts of streams |
| Pteronarcyidae | Family; Large, Branched ventral gills on thorax & abdominal segments one & two, like slow detritus laden areas of streams |
| Perlidae | Family; Branched thoracic gills, no abdominal gills, under stones in riffles |
| Perlodidae | Family; Paraglossae>glossae, labial palps with last segment slender, cerci longer than abdomen, no gills*, paraglossae modified for grabbing, under stones in riffles |
| Capniidae | Family; Glossae=paraglossae*, palps thick & rounded, thoracic wing pads not divergent, cerci greater than or equal to abdominal length, abdomen with pleural fold, likes small & cool lotic systems |
| Corixidae | Family; Short & triangular beak, scoop-like first tarsi, light vertical side |
| Notonectidae | Family; Body not flattened, hind-legs are oar like (usually with setae), usually light on dorsal side |
| Belostomatidae | Family; Body flattened, short respiratory straps |
| Pleidae | Family; Body convex, small, & beetle-like, inject enzymes into prey with beak |
| Nepidae | Family; Raptorial legs, long breathing tube |
| Gerridae | Family; Long antennae, long metafemur |
| Veliidae | Family; Long antennae, short metafemur |
| Corixidae: | Water boatmen |
| Notonectidae: | Backswimmers |
| Belostomatidae: | Giant Water Bugs/Electric Light Bugs |
| Pleidae: | Pygmy Backswimmers |
| Nepidae: | Water scorpions |
| Gerridae: | Water Striders |
| Veliidae: | Riffle bugs/Small water striders/ Broad Shouldered Water Striders |
| Respiratory straps | Posterior respiratory appendages in Belostomatidae |
| Dorsal | Back |
| Ventral | Front |
| Tergum | Top hardened plate |
| Sternum | Bottom hardened plate |
| Cervical gills | Located at neck |
| Coxal gills | Located at base of leg |
| Glossae | The median distal lobe of the labium |
| Paraglossae | Outer lobe of labium, off of glossae |
| Palps | Appendages off of/attached to paraglossae/glossae |
| Prothorax | First of three segments in the thorax |
| Mesothorax | Second of three segments in the thorax |
| Metathorax | Third of three segments in the thorax |
| Mask (Odonata) | Covers the labium, mandibles, and maxillae when labium is at rest |
| Ocelli | Simple eyes |
| Setae | Bristles, hair-like structures |
| Quadrate | Square |
| Fossorial | For digging |
| Raptorial | Leg type; for grasping prey during consumption |
| Cerci | Appendages at end of abdomen |
Created by:
Andiia
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