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C165
Physics Vocabulary Stack-Section one
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Physics | The study of forces, energy and motion |
| Controlled Experiments | An experiment in which a scientist intentionally changes one quantity and observes how another quantity changes |
| Variables | The changing quantities in an experiment |
| Independant Variable | The variable that is changed by the experimenter in an experiment on purpose |
| Control Variable | The variable that scientist do not wish to study that needs to either be eliminated or kept constant |
| Observational Studies | Experiments in which systems are observed as they appear in nature, and researchers do not attempt to change them |
| Field Studies | Observational studies done outside a laboratory setting |
| Laboratory Studies | Experiments that take place in a highly controlled, artificial setting |
| Physical Model | A model that represents a real object or phenomenon, usually on a smaller scale |
| Conceptual Model | A model that can be used to visualize things that cannot be seen, such as atoms |
| Mathematical Model | A model that describes physical objects or phenomena using mathematical methods |
| Computer Model | A model that uses computers to explain and predict complex systems, such as weather patterns and the detailed movements of objects in the solar system |
| Scatterplot | A type of graph comparing two variables as data points in cartesian, x-y coordinates |
| Orgin of the plot | The point on a graph where the value of both x and y axes are zero |
| Direct Proportionality | Mathematical relationship between two variables whose ratio remains constant as their numerical values change (Synonymous with positive correlation) |
| Proportionality Constant | A parameter that quantifies the relative changes in variables in variables that are directly or inversely proportional |
| Inverse Proportionality | A mathematical relationship between variables in which an increase in the value of one causes a decrease in the value of the other (Synonymous with negative correlation) |
| No Correlation | A lack of relationship between variables on a graph; a change in one value does not affect the other |
| Ratio | A quantity that compares the values of two variables expressed as a fraction |
| Common Prefix: Nano | One-billionth |
| Common Prefix: Micro | One-millionth |
| Common Prefix: Milli | One-thousandanth |
| Common Prefix: Centi | One-hundredth |
| Common Prefix: Deca | Ten |
| Common Prefix: Kilo | Thousand |
| Common Prefix: Mega | Million |
| Base Unit: m | length-meter |
| Base Unit: g or kg | mass- gram or kilogram |
| Base Unit: l | volume- liter |
| Base Unit: s | time- second |
| Base Unit: K | temperature- Kelvin |
| Derived Unit: m/s² | Acceleration= meter per second square |
| Derived Unit: m² | Area= square meter |
| Derived Unit: kg/m³ | Density= kilogram per cubic meter |
| Derived Unit: J | Energy=Joule= kg* m²s² |
| Derived Unit: N | Force=Newton= kg*m/s² |
| Derived Unit" Pa | Pressure=Pascal= kg/(m*s²) |
| Derived Unit: m/s | Speed= meter per second |
| Derived Unit: m³ | Volume=cubic meter |
| Speed | The distance traveled per time interval |
| Volume | The amount of space an object occupies |
| Density | Depends on the material itself, not on the object's size or mass |
| Molar Mass | A derived unit specifying the number of grams of a substance per mole of that substance |
| g/mol | grams per mole |
| Molar Unit | The number of moles of a particular particle or molecule in one liter of another substance |
| Velocity | An object's speed and direction |
| Acceleration | Rate at which the velocity of an object changes with respect to time |
| Force | A push or a pull |
| Balanced Forces | Forces that combine to produce a net force of zero |
| Zero Net Force | There is no net force and therefore no acceleration Force=0 Acceleration=0 No change in motion SAME speed SAME direction |
| Non-Zero Net Force | There is a net force, so acceleration is possible ANYTHING BUT ZERO Either speed or direction will change |
| Hypothesis | A testable statement about how something in nature works |
| Law | A concise statement that is supported by scientific evidence and repeated experiments and describes a widespread pattern in nature |
| Theory | A statement that explains a wide range of observations and that is supported by a large body of scientific evidence |
| Newton's 1st Law | The net force on an object is the cause of its acceleration AKA Law of Inertia |
| Inertia | The tendency to keep the same motion, to remain at rest, or to maintain the same velocity |
| Newton's 2nd Law | The acceleration of an object depends on the mass of the object and the amount of force applied |
| Newton's 3rd Law | Whenever one object exerts a force on a second object, the second object exerts a force of the same magnitude in the opposite direction on the first object |
| Friction | |
| Kinetic Friction | Solid Friction In motion |
| Static Friction | Solid Friction Not moving Gripping-feet,tires |
| Gravity | |
| Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation | |
| Orbital Motion | |
| Linear Momentum | |
| Law of Conservation of Momentum | |
| Elasticity | |
| Elastic Collision | |
| Inelastic collision | |
| Work | |
| Energy | |
| Kinetic Energy | |
| Potential Energy | |
| Joules | |
| Gravitational Potential Energy | |
| Chemical Potential Energy | |
| Elastic Potential Energy | |
| Kinetic Energy | |
| Electrical Energy | |
| Electromagnetic Energy | |
| Thermal Energy | |
| Law of Conservation of Energy | |
| Energy Transfer | |
| Energy Transformation | |
| Wave | |
| Oscillation | |
| Electromagnetic wave | |
| Equilibrium | |
| Mechanical wave | |
| Vaccum | |
| Transverse wave | |
| Longitudinal wave | |
| Equilibrium postion | |
| Crest | |
| Amplitude | |
| Wavelength | |
| Period | |
| Frequency | |
| Trough | |
| Visible light | |
| Radio wave | |
| Microwave | |
| Infrared wave | |
| Ultraviolet wave | |
| X-ray | |
| Gamma wave | |
| Compression | |
| Expansion (rarefaction) | |
| Pitch | |
| Loudness |
Created by:
Ms.Tevis
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