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Pharmacology 106-
key terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is pharmacology? | deals with the study of drugs and their actions on living organisms. |
| What are therapeutic methods? | approaches to therapy. |
| What are drugs? | chemical substances that have an effect on a living organism. |
| What are medicines? | drugs used in the prevention or treatment of a disease. |
| What is a chemical name? | the chemical constitution of a drug and the exact placing of its atoms or molecular groupings. |
| What is a generic name? | a drugs common name. |
| what is a official name? | the name under which the drug is listed by the US FDA. |
| What is the United States Pharmacopeia/National Formulary? | set forth required standards of purity for drugs as well as laboratory tests to determine purity. |
| What are birth defects? | the abnormal development of key tissues leaving malformations. |
| What are teratogens? | drugs that cause birth defects. |
| What are receptors? | specific sites a drug forms a chemical bond with. |
| what is pharmacodynamics? | the study of the interactions between drugs and their receptors and the series of events that result in a pharmacologic response. |
| What is an agonist? | drugs that interact with a receptor to stimulate a response. |
| What is an antagonist? | drugs that attach to a receptor but do not stimulate a response. |
| What is a partial agonist? | drugs that interact with a receptor to stimulate a response but inhibit other responses. |
| What is ADME? | absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. |
| what is pharmacokinetics? | the study of mathematical relationships among the ADME of individual medicines. |
| what is enteral? | the administration of a drug directly into the GI tract either by oral, rectal, or nasogastric routes. |
| What is parenteral? | the administration of a drug that bypasses the GI tract by subcutaneous, intramuscular, or intravenous injection. |
| What is percutaneous? | the administration of a drug by inhalation, sublingual,or topical. |
| what is liberation? | the releasing of a drug from its dosage form. |
| What is absorption? | the process whereby a drug is transferred from its site of entry to the circulating fluids of the body for distribution throughout the body. |
| what is distribution? | the ways in which drugs are transported throughout the body by the circulating body fluids. |
| What is the drug blood level? | the amount of drug in the blood. |
| what is metabolism or biotransformation? | the process whereby the body inactivates drugs. |
| What is excretion? | the elimination of drug metabolites and in some cases the active drug itself. |
| what is half-life? | the amount of required for 50% of a drug to be eliminated from the body. |
| What is the onset of action? | when the concentration of the drug at the site of action is sufficient to start a physiologic response. |
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