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hesi ap 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Pectoralis major | draws arm forward and toward the body. |
| serratus anterior | helps raise arm, contributes to pushes, draws shoulder blade forward. |
| Biceps brachii | bends forearm at elbow. |
| Rectus abdominis | compresses abdomen, bends backbone, compresses chest cavity. |
| External oblique | lateral rotation of trunk, compresses abdomen. |
| Adductor longus | flexes thigh, rotates thigh laterally, draws thigh towards body. |
| Sartorius | bends thigh at hip, bends lower leg at knee, rotates thigh outward. |
| Quadriceps group | flexes thigh at hips, extends leg at knee. |
| Tibialis anterior | flexes foot towards knee. |
| Achilles tendon | connects gastrocnemius muscle to heel. |
| Gastrocnemius | bends lower leg at knee, Bends foot away form knee. |
| Hamstring group | draws thigh backward, bends knee. |
| Gluteus maximus | extends thigh rotates thigh laterally. |
| Latissimus dorsi | rotates and draws arm backward and toward body. |
| Triceps brachii | straightens forearm at elbow. |
| Trapezius | lifts shoulder blade, braces shoulder, draws head back. |
| Deltoid | raises arm. |
| Muscle Tissue | classified as a voluntary muscle(skeletal muscle) or involuntary muscle ( smooth muscle and cardiac muscle) |
| muscle cell | consists of myofibrils (made up of sarcomeres) |
| abductors | draw a limb away from the midline |
| adductors | draw a limb to the midline |
| extensor | increase the angle at a joint |
| naming muscles | Location. Shape. Size. Direction of fibers. Number of origins.Location of attachments. Actionmuscle contraction |
| muscular system function | produces movement by contracting in response to nervous stimulation |
| Prime movers | Provide the major force for producing a specific movement |
| flexors | reduce the angle at a joint |
| effector | A peripheral gland or muscle cell innervated by a motor neuron. A cell or organ that responds tot he commands of the control center and whose activity either opposes or enhances the stimulus. |
| Synergists | Add force to a movement |
| Antagonists | Oppose or reverse a particular movement |
| acromial | top of shoulder |
| antebrachial | forearm |
| antecubital | front of elbow |
| Appendicular Skeleton | make up thel imbs Clavicle, scapula, humerus, ulna, Radius, carpals (16), metacarpals (10), phalanges (28), Pelvic (3), Femur, Patella, Tibia, Fibula, tarsals (14), metatarsals (10), phalanges (28) |
| Axial Skeleton | evolve around the vertical axis of the skeleton. cranium (8) facial bones (14) vertebral column (26) thorax (1) |
| axillary | armpit |
| bones | classified by shape. Long bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones and sesamoid bones. |
| brachial | arm |
| buccal | cheek |
| calcaneal | heel of foot |
| carpal | wrist |
| cephalic | head |
| cervical | neck |
| cranial | skull |
| crural | leg |
| digital or phalangeal | toes or fingers |
| facial | face |
| femoral | thigh |
| glureal | buttock |
| hallux | great toe |
| ILIUM | lateral portion of the hip bone |
| inguinal | groin |
| lumbar | loin |
| mammary | breast |
| manual | hand |
| mental | chin |
| nasal | nose |
| olecranal | back of elbow |
| osteoblasts | cells that form compact bone |
| osteocytes | maintain bone tissue |
| patellar | kneecap |
| pedal | foot |
| pelvic | pelvis |
| plantar | sole of foot |
| pollex | thumb |
| popliteal | back of knee |
| skeletal system function | support, movement, blood cell formation (hematopoiesis) protection of organs, removal of poisons, muscle attachment, and mineral storage |
| sural | calf |
| tarsal | ankle |
| thoracic | thorax, chest |
| umbilical | navel |
| vertebral column | cervical (7) thoracic (12) Lumbar (5) sacrum, coccyx |
| orbital or ocular | eye |
| otic | ear |
| Cartilage is replaced by bone in what? | embroynic development |
| long bone | end- epiphysis composed of spongy bone. Shaft diaphysis composed of compact bone. |
| skeletal system consists of | bones, cartilages, ligaments (bone to bone) and joints |
| 2 layers of skin | epidermis-outermost protective layer of dead keratinized epithelial cells. Dermis- the underlying layer of connective tissue with blood vessels, nerve endings, and hair folllicles |
| 5 layers of the epidermis | stratum corneum. stratum lucidum. stratum granulosum. stratum spinosum. stratum germinativum |
| types of glands | sudoriferous, sabeaceous, and ceruminous |
| skin | the largest organ of the body. |
| 2 types of sweat glands | "Eccrine glands: regulates body temp by releasing watery secretion. Most widely distributed. Apocrine glands: attracts bacteria and results in body odor. Found in armpits and groin area |
| melanin | protein pigment that protects against radiation from the sun |
Created by:
crystal_rc9