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Psychology Studybook

Glossary of Key Terms

TermDefinition
Psychology: The scientific study of mental processes and behavior.
Psychiatry: A branch of medicine concerned with the causes, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of mental disorders.
Clinical Psychology: The area of psychology specializing in the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of mental disorders and psychological problems.
Counselling Psychology: The area of psychology specializing in assisting individuals, couples, families, and organizations in the areas of personal wellbeing, relationships, work, recreation, health and crisis.
Clinical Neuropsychology: The area of psychology concerned with the relationship between how thinking and behavior is affected by brain dysfunction.
Organizational Psychology: The area of psychology that applies psychological principles and methods to the areas of work, human resources management, training and development, market research, and advertising.
Sport Psychology: The area of psychology dealing with the psychological factors that influence and are influenced by, a person’s participation in sport, exercise and physical activity.
Forensic Psychology: The area of psychology specializing in the application of psychological theory and skills to the understanding and functioning of the legal and criminal justice System.
Educational and Developmental Psychology: The area of psychology concerned with how people develop and learn throughout their lives.
Community Psychology: The area of psychology that studies understanding people within their social worlds and their environment, and using this understanding to improve their well-being.
Health Psychology: The area of psychology that focuses on understanding the psychological processes that are relevant to health and illness.
Academic and Research Psychology: The area of psychology that encompasses university lectures and supervisions, research to advance our understanding of human behavior.
Cognitive Psychology: The study of how people think, learn, remember, and solve problems.
Personality Psychology: The study of individual traits and behaviors.
Social Psychology: The study of how people think, feel, and behave in social situations.
Scientific Method: IHDCAIR A systematic approach to research involving identifying a problem, forming a hypothesis, designing and conducting an experiment, analyzing data, interpreting results, and reporting findings.
Quantitative Data: Information that can be measured and expressed in numbers.
Qualitative Data: Descriptive information that focuses on characteristics and cannot be measured numerically.
Population: The entire group of individuals or items being studied.
Sample: A smaller group selected from the population to represent it.
Experimental Group: The group in an experiment that receives the treatment being tested.
Control Group: The group in an experiment that does not receive the treatment and is used for comparison.
Informed Consent: An ethical principle requiring participants to be fully informed about the nature of the research and any potential risks before agreeing to participate.
Debriefing: The process of explaining the study's procedures and results to participants after the research is completed.
Voluntary Participation: All participants must participate in the research willingly and not be forced in any way.
Deception: Participants should not be deceived about the nature of the research or any procedures involved.
Withdrawal: Participants should be aware that they have the right to withdraw from the research at any point, for any reason.
Confidentiality: Results of the research should remain confidential, and the participants’ identities should not be revealed. For example, in a case study, participants should be referred to by their initials.
Professional Conduct: Psychologists must conduct their research in a manner that is professional, ethically acceptable, and does not bring the profession of psychology into disrepute, according to the guidelines published by the Australian Psychological Society (APS).
Created by: anvi15
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