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Psych Exam 1
Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing Exam 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| adaptive responses | behaviors that maintain the integrity of the individual |
| fight-or-flight syndrome | symptoms of the physiologic response of a biological system to an imposed change |
| three stages of general adaptation syndrome | 1. alarm 2. resistence 3. exhaustion |
| maladaptive responses | harmful or unhealthy behaviors |
| precipitating event | stimulus arising from the internal or external environment and perceived by the individual in a specific manner |
| predisposing factors | elements that influence how an individual perceives and responds to a stressful event |
| cognitive appraisal | individual's evaluation of the personal significance of the event or occurrence |
| three types of primary appraisal | benign-positive (perceived as producing pleasure) irrelevant (holds no significance) stressful (harm, loss, threat, and challenge) |
| what is secondary appraisal | assessment of skills, resources, and knowledge that the person possesses to deal with the situation |
| frontal lobe function | voluntary body movement, thinking, speaking, judgment formation, feeling expression |
| parietal lobe function | perception and interpretation of most sensory information |
| temporal lobes function | hearing, short-term memory, smell, expression of emotions |
| occipital lobes function | vision |
| thalamus function | integrates all sensory input but smell, some involvement with emotion and mood |
| hypothalamus function | regulates pituitary gland, autonomic nervous system, appetite, temperature, visceral response to emotion, mood change, sleep cycle |
| limbic system function | fear, anger, love, joy, hope, sexuality |
| midbrain function | visual, auditory, balance reflexes |
| pons function | regulation of respiration and skeletal muscle tone |
| medulla function | regulate vital signs and reflexes |
| cerebellum function | regulates muscle tone and coordination and maintains posture and equilibrium |
| what does decreased acetylcholine cause (3) | Alzheimer's, Huntington's, Parkinson's |
| what does increased acetylcholine cause (1) | depression |
| acetylcholine function | sleep, arousal, pain, movement, memory |
| what does decreased norepinephrine lead to (1) | depression |
| why does increased norepinephrine lead to (3) | mania, anxiety, schizophrenia |
| norepinephrine function | mood, cognition, perception, locomotion, cardiovascular functioning, sleep, arousal |
| what does decreased dopamine cause (2) | Parkinson's and depression |
| what does increased dopamine cause (2) | mania and schizophrenia |
| dopamine function | movement, coordination, emotion, judgment, prolactin release |
| what does decreased serotonin cause (1) | depression |
| what does increased serotonin cause (1 general) | anxiety states |
| serotonin function | sleep, arousal, libido, appetite, mood, aggression, pain perception, coordination, judgment |
| what does decreased histamine cause (1) | depression |
| what does increased histamine cause (4) | sleep disorders, anxiety, Alzheimer's, psychosis |
| histamine function | wakefulness, pain sensation, inflammatory response |
| what does decreased GABA cause (4) | Huntington's, anxiety, schizophrenia, epilepsy |
| GABA function | slowing of body activity |
| what does decreased glycine cause | spastic motor movements |
| glycine function | recurrent inhibition of motor neurons |
| what does decreased glutamate and aspartate cause (1) | schizophrenia |
| what does increased glutamate and aspartate cause (5) | Huntington's, temporal lobe epilepsy, spinal cerebellar degeneration, anxiety, depression |
| glutamate and aspartate function | relay of sensory info, regulation of reflexes, memory, learning |
| what does decreased d-Serine cause | schizophrenia |
| what does altered ADH lead to | polydipsia, altered pain response, modified sleep pattern |
| what does altered growth hormone lead to | anorexia nervosa |
| what does increased TSH lead to (hypothyroidism) | fatigue and depression |
| what does decreased TSH lead to (hyperthyroidism) | insomnia, anxiety, emotional lability |
| what does increased ACTH lead to | mood disorders and psychosis |
| what does decreased ACTH lead to | depression, apathy, fatigue |
| what does increased prolactin lead to | depression, anxiety, decreased libido, irritability |
| what does decreased gonadotropic hormone lead to | depression, anorexia nervosa |
| what does increased gonadotropic hormone lead to | increased sexual behavior and aggresiveness |
| what does increased MSH lead to | depression |
| what is the goal of the preinteraction phase of relationship development | explore self-perception |
| what is the goal of the orientation phase | establish trust and formulate contract for intervention |
| what is the goal of the working phase | promote client change |
| what is the goal of the termination phase | evaluate goal attainment and ensure therapeutic closure |
| transference | patient unconsciously displaces to the nurse feelings formed toward a person from their past |
| countertransference | nurse's behavioral and emotional responses to the patient in which the nurse transfers feelings about past experiences or people |
| utilitarianism | actions are right to the degree that they tend to promote happiness |
| Kantiansim | principle or motivation on which the action is based is the morally decisive factor |
| divine command ethics | focused on that which is commanded by God |
| natural law theory | decisions about right v wrong are determined by human nature |
| ethical egoism | what is right and good is what is best for the individual making the decision |
| autonomy | individuals are always capable of making independent choices |
| beneficence | one's duty to benefit or promote the good of others |
| assault | act that results in a person's genuine fear and apprehension that they will be touched without consent |
| battery | nonconsensual touching of another person |
| dispositional crisis | acute response to external situational stressor |
| maturational/developmental crisis | crisis that occurs in failed attempt to master developmental tasks association with transitions in the life cycle |
Created by:
mbaldwin13
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