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PharmDefinitions
Common Definitions for Pharmacy Tech Students
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Absorption | drug absorbed into bloodstream |
| Distribution | drug goes where it is needed |
| Metabolism | drug is broken down by liver |
| Elimination | drug is excreted from the body |
| Enteric-Coated Tablets | a special coating to prevent dissolution in the stomach. This tablet dissolves in the small intestine only. |
| Sublingual Tablets | a medication form administered under the tongue which avoids the "first pass" effect and is broken down prior to the liver |
| Film-Coated Tablets | a special coating that masks objectable odor and taste. Biaxin & Depakote |
| Capsules | a special coating that is made of gelatin and water |
| Tinctures | the highest concentration of alcohol |
| National Drug Code (NDC) | a set of 3 numbers (5:4:3) Defining the drug manufacturer, drug name & strength, and package size. |
| Unit Dose | medications dispensed in single unit packages. Sealed, Sanitary, and ready-to-administer doses. |
| Cost | amount of money that the pharmacy spent to obtain an item |
| Markup | the difference between the cost of an item and the selling price |
| Overhead | heat, electricity, salaries, and other costs for doing business |
| Selling Price | = cost + (cost X %markup) |
| Net Profit | = selling price - (cost+overhead) |
| Cost = | = selling price / %markup (expressed as a decimal) |
| Graduated Cylinder | more accurate than the conical |
| Pipetts measure | 0.2ul-1000ul (microliters) |
| Class A Balance | can accurately weigh 120mg-15,000mg and is most commonly used in retail pharmacies |
| Class B Balance | can accurately weigh 650-120grams |
| Analytical Balance | used in laboratories and is extremely sensitive |
| Weight | usually made of brass, and calibrated at least once per yr. |
| Extemporaneous Compounding | mix or compound a perscription in the pharmacy for the specific need of the patient; swallowing, or for flavor |
| Comminution | the process of reducing a substance to finer particles |
| Levigation | the process which reduces powder to the finest particles by rubbing with a small quantity of liquid. Done either by spatulation (on a slab with a spatula) or in a mortar with a pestle. |
| Trituration | the process of rubbing a solid in a mortar with a pestle to reduce the size to a fine particle. This process is good for grinding 2 or more solids to powder then mixing them. |
| Punch Method | the process of filling empty capsules with powder |
| Reconstitution | the process of adding the proper amount of liquid (usually water) to a powder |
| Wedgewood Mortar | a very rough surface to grind hard crystals into fine powder, looks like concrete and stains easily |
| Glass Mortar | good for mixing liquids and solids, but not hard solids, nonporous and will not stain |
| Porcelain Mortar | glazed, less porous than a wedgewood and good for blending powders |
| Mortars | the pharmacists aid in comminution |
| Synergy | the combination of more than one drug together producing greater results than each individual drug could |
| Horizontal Flowhood | air flows horizontally from back of flowhood to front. Prefilter & HEPA filter at back |
| Vertical Flowhood | aka safety bilogical cabinets; air flows from the top of the hood straight down, has glass shield that pulls down. HEPA filter located in the top of hood |
| HEPA filter | High Efficiency Particulate Air Filter. 99.97% of all particles 0.3microns or larger are removed |
| Class 100 Environment | an area containing no more than 100 particles 0.5 microns or larger in size per cubic foot of air |
| Critical Area | the space between the filter and sterile object |
| Pyrogens | contaminants that will produce a fever in the patient |
| Filter pore size | .2 micron to sterilize |
| Needle Hub | attaches needle to syringe |
| Needle Shaft | the needle itself (coated with silicone) |
| Needle Gauge | the larger the # the smaller the diameter. 27 smallest. 13 largest. |
| Needle Length | in inches - determined by how deep an injection is required |
| Coring | the pieces of rubber that could be injected into the patient if needle is inserted improperly through the rubber of the vial |
| Ampules | entirely made of glass |
| Filter Needle | a needle containing a tiny .5 micron filter in the hub |
| Parental Products | drugs administered via injection |
| IV - Intravenous | inserted directly into the vein |
| IM - Intramuscular | inserted into the muscle |
| SC, SQ - Subcutaneous | inserted under the skin (max 2ml injection) |
| ID - Intradermal | inserted into the skin (anesthetics, allergy test, TB test) |
| TPN - Total Parenteral Nutrition | used to provide all necessary nutrients in a single container |
| IVPB - IV Piggyback | hung higher than the main IV bag, used to administer antibiotics into the main IV port made of silicone rubber |
| Unit Dose, "ready-to-administer" packages | are delivered to the nurses' stations via a "cart exchange" |
| Automated Dispensing Systems | store and dispense meds |
| Decentralized Systems | located at the patient care unit & certain floor stock meds, supplies Pyxis MedStation, Baxter SureMed, Owen Healthcare Meditrol |
| Centralized Systems | located in the central pharmacy and used to fill unit-dose carts. Robot picks drugs and places them into patient med drawers. Baxter ATC-212, (APS) Automated Healthcare Automated Pharmacy Station |
| Legend Drugs | require a Perscription |
| Nonlegend Drugs | do not require a perscription-OTC |
| Anti-pyretic | anti fever |
| Analgesic | pain med |
| bradycardia | heart beats too slow |
| tachycardia | heart beats too fast |
| Anticoagulant | stops clotting process |
| Thrombolytics | dissolves clots quickly |
| NSAID | anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic, analgesic |
Created by:
Aliciabc
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