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Unit 5

Physical Science Unit 5: Energy, Motion and Forces

TermDefinition
Energy The ability to do work or cause change
Kinetic Energy The energy of motion
Potential Energy Stored energy that an object has due to its position, condition, or chemical composition
Mechanical Energy The sum of an object's potential and kinetic energy
Law of Conservation of Energy States that energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only change forms
Position Describes the location of an object
Reference Point A location to which you compare other locations
Motion A change in position over time
Speed A measure of how far something moves in a given time
Vector A quantity that has both size and direction
Velocity Speed in a specific direction
Acceleration The rate at which velocity changes
Centripetal Acceleration Acceleration in circular motion
Force A push or a pull, may change the motion of an object
Net Force The combination of all of the forces acting on an object
Inertia An object's tendency to resist a change in motion
Gravity A force of attraction between objects due to their masses
Free Fall The motion of a body when only the force of gravity is acting on the body
Orbit The path that a body follows as it travels around another body in space
Newton's 1st Law of Motion Law of Inertia An object at rest will remain at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced force, and an object in motion will remain in motion unless acted on by an unbalanced force.
Newton's 2nd Law of Motion Law of Acceleration The force of an object is equal to its mass multiplied by its acceleraton. F = M x A
Newton's 3rd Law of Motion Law of Action-Reaction For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
Newton (N) Unit to measure force. Equal to 1 kilogram-meter per second squared.
Created by: Ms. Wilhjelm
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