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ch.18
Therapitic agents for the endocrine system
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Endocrine glands | Glands in the body that produce hormones that enter the bloodstream to reach their target site or act on sites near the site of hormone release |
| Exocrine glands | Glands in the body that produce hormones that are sent to the target organ or tissue via tube or duct |
| Hypokalemia | Low concentration of potassium in the blood |
| Hypocalcemia | Low concentration of calcium in the blood |
| Orthostatic hypotenstion | Low blood pressure that occurs upon standing up |
| Type 2 diabetes | Form of diabetes with insulin resistence |
| Type 1 diabetes | Absolute deficiency of insulin production by the pancreas |
| Vasopressin | Anti diuretic hormone |
| Hypertension` | Elevated blood pressure |
| Hyperglycemia | Elevated levels of glucose in blood |
| Hypernatremia | Sodium levels are high |
| Hyperaldosteronism | Excessive aldosterone secretion by adrenal glands |
| Cushing's Disease | Excessive adrenocorticotropic hormone from anterior pituitary gland |
| What is PTU? What is it used to treat? | Propylthiouracil used for hyperthyroidism |
| What is the generic name for Levoxyl? What is it used to treat? | Levothyroxine which is used to treat hypothyroidism |
| Can trade brands such as Novolin N and Humilin N be mixed together? | No, you cannot mix two different brands |
| What is the shelf life for insulin at room temperature? | 30 days |
| What medication is most commonly used to treat type 2 diabetes? | Trade: Glucophage; Generic: Metformin |
| What is the largest organ of the endocrine system? | Pancreas |
| What are the three glands in the head? | Pineal, pituitary, and hypothalamus |
| Alpha cells and beta cells produce what hormones? | Alpha cells produce glucagon and beta cells produce insulin |
| What are the three systems that affect the endocrine system? | Negative feedback, positive feedback and nervous system responses |
| What chemical element is used to synthesize T3 and T4? | Iodine |
| In T3 and T4 , what do the numbers represent? | The amount of iodine atoms |
| what is the major mineral found in bones | calcium |
| what is the function of calcitonin | to remove calcium from the bones |
| fight or flight responses if from what gland | adreal gland |
| What part of the body secretes glucagon in response to low blood glucose? | Pancreas |
| who are the most commonly affected by hypothyroidism | women age 35 and older |
| Levothyroxine is used for what condition? | hypothyroidism |
| Calcitrol is what vitamin | vitamin d |
| Lantus is what type of drug? | long acting drug |
| Aldosterone | `body that maintains potassium homeostasis by stimulating the kidney |
| calcitonin | a thyroid hormone that helps to regulate blood concentrations of calcium and phosphate and promotes the formation of bone |
| Catecholamines | help the body respond to stress and prepare the body for the "fight or flight" response; they are important in regulating heart rate, blood pressure, and nervous system functions |
| Endocrine glands | glands that produce hormones that enter the bloodstream to reach their target or act at target sites near the area of hormone release |
| Glucometer | d device used to test blood sugar level in patients with diabeteses mellitus (DM) |
| Goiter | condition in which the thyroid gland is enlarged because of a lack of iodine |
| Homeostasis | the equilibrium pertaining to the balance of fluid levels, pH levels, osmotic pressures, and concentrations of various substances |
| Hyperglycemia | high blood sugar |
| cushings disease | a hormonal disorder caused by prolonged exposure to high levels of the hormone cortisol |
| diabetes insipidus | a rare condition that causes the body to produce too much urine and feel extremely thirsty |
| diabetes mellitus | a chronic condition where the body does not produce or use insulin effectively. |
| gestational diabetes | a type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy |
| glucose | a simple sugar molecule that serves as the primary source of energy for the body's cells |
| graves diseases | an autoimmune disorder that causes an overactive thyroid gland |
| hashimots thyroiditis | an autoimmune disorder that causes the body's immune system to attack the thyroid gland |
| hypercalcemia | a medical condition characterized by elevated levels of calcium in the blood |
| IDDM insulin dependednt diabetes mellitus (Type 1 diabetes) | Insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease characterized by hyperglycemia, |
Created by:
kkimchihoe_
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