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Unit 1 pharm (2025)
paharmacology exam 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The research RN identifies a dangerous study SE. This ethical principal dictates that the RN must protect the pts. | Beneficience |
| Oral medications are better than transdermal | False |
| Some foods can interact with medications. A common food- drug interaction in: | Grapefruits |
| The OTC hawthorn is used for: | Heart failure |
| The RN is giving a highly protein bound drug. The RN should check which lab? | albumin |
| A research participant tells the RN he wants to withdraw form the study. The RN says: | Patients have the right to withdraw without penalty. |
| The RN is giving TPN: She should monitor pt for which complications? | Air emboli |
| The nurse is giving 1 ml of a 2 ml vial of morphine. The RN should | Get another RN to witness and cosign the waste of the remanining med. |
| The RN should know which oral med will be absorbed fastest: | SL tab |
| Tachyphylaxis refers to: | an acute rapid decrease in response to a drug. |
| All drugs go through the disintegration process after administered | False |
| The HCP orders an enteric coated medication for a PEG pt. The RN should? | Call the HCP to recommend another medication. |
| The pt has CKD. The RN should check the BUN and cret bf administering medications. | True |
| The RN is administering ear drops to a 2 yo. The RN should: | pull the auricle down and back. |
| The RN is administering ear drops to a 35 yo. The RN should: | pull the auricle upward and outward. |
| When administering a rectal suppository the RN should apply an oil-based lubricant before insertion | False |
| To ensure safe med administration the RN should: | Verify 2 pt identifiers |
| Pharmacokinetics is: | WHat the body does to the drug |
| PT is D/C'ed the RN sees the med order for IV to PO has a higher dose. The RN should | Give the pt the D/C instructions and prescription |
| Pt is NPO for sx. The nurse notes the pt takes anticonvulsants. The RN should: | Call the provider to discuss administering med |
| The pharmacist tells the RN not to put two medications in the same tubing The RN should know this is due to: | incompability |
| A pt with a bleeding disorder is taking feverfew for H/A. The nurse should teach the pt to monitor for what complication | bleeding |
| Adverse effects are intended effects of medication. | False |
| When teaching the pt about the med the RN should tell the pt that certain foods can slow absorption of the med, causing? | Drug toxicity |
| The RN teaches an asthmatic pt to use a rescue MDI without a spcaer bc this is best practice. | False |
| What is the elimination of medications from the body. (kidneys) | Excretion |
| FDA pregnancy categories | A= No risk to fetus. B= No risk in animal studies, and well-controlled, women studies not available. C= Animal studies indicate a risk to the fetus. D= A risk to the human fetus has been proved. X= A risk to the human fetus has been proved |
| What is misfeasance? | Negligence |
| What is nonfeasance? | Omission |
| What is malfeasance? | Wrong route ( right drug, wrong way) |
| The nurse identifies the act that provides for the privacy of patient health information as the.. | Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act. |
| If a nurse administers the wrong medication to a pt and the pt is harmed, the offense is termed as? | Misfeasance |
| The nurse identifies the primary purpose of federal legislation in drug standards as? | Ensuring public safety. |
| Which situation regarding controlled substances requires the supervising RN to intervene? | Controlled substances are locked away from patients, and all staff members have keys for necessary access. |
| A nurse administers the correct drug, but by the wrong route, and it results in the patient's death. The legal term for this offense is ? | Malfeasance |
| A nurse is to administer a dose of furosemide (Lasix). The nurse is aware that Lasix is the _________ for the drug. | Brand name |
| What is Ethnopharmacology? | The study of drug responses that may be unique to an individual owing to social, cultural, and biologic phenomena. |
| Adverse reaction is? | Undesired effect |
| Drug incompatability is? | Chemical or physical reaction that occurs among two or more drugs. |
| Drug-food interactions is? | Food is known to increase, decrease or delay drug absorption. |
| A patient receives an opioid drug that depresses the patient's respiratory rate. The nurse administers an antidote. This is an example of what type of effect? | Antagonistic drug effect |
| A patient receiving oral contraceptives is placed on antibiotic therapy. The nurse should teach the patient to | Use a barrier form of protection during sex when taking a course of antibiotics. |
| A patient taking MAO inhibitors should be taught about which dietary restriction associated with this medication? | Avoid yogurt |
| A patient is prescribed tetracycline. The nurse should teach the patient to take the medication | 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals. |
| Drug classification levels. | -I: Illegal narcotics. ( higher risk for abuse) -II: Light opioids, morphine. -III: Work w/ combo drug. Requires prescription. -IV: Can be addictive. -V: Lower potential for abuse. ( cough medication). |
| A patient has a liver and kidney disease. He is given a medication with a half-life of 30 hours. The nurse expects the duration of this medication to.. | Increase |
| Psychological benefit from a compound that may not have the chemical structure of a drug effect is called? | Placebo effect |
| A decreased responsiveness over the course of therapy is called? | Tolerance |
| A rapid decrease in response to the drug is called? | Tachyphylaxis "acute tolerance" |
| Scientific discipline studying how the effect of the drug action varies due to genetic factors is? | Pharmacogenetics |
| Highest plasma concentration of a drug at a specific time is called? | Peak drug level |
| Lowest plasma concentration of a drug is called? | Through drug level |
| Measures the margin of safety of a drug is called? | Therapeutic index |
| The time it takes for half of the drug to be excreted is called? | Half-Life |
| what is the fastest Parenteral route? ( into blood circulation) | -Intravenous |
| Parenteral Routes | -Intravenous -Intramuscular -Subcutaneous -Intradermal -Intrathecal -Intraarticular -Transdermal |
| What is the fastest method of oral drug absorption? | -Liquids, Elixirs, Syrups |
| What is the slowest method of oral drug absorption? | -Enteric-coated tablets. (Dissolves in small intestines) |
| Less acid= Slower absorption | Young and old adults. |
| What is the 1st phase of drug action? | -Pharmaceutics: Solid form, liquid form. |
| What is the 2nd phase of drug action? | -Pharmacokinetics(kidney): absorption, distribution, metabolism/biotransformation, excretion. |
| What is the 3rd phase of drug action? | -Pharmacodynamics(do to the body): Drug action-> onset, peak, duration, receptors, enzymes, hormones. |
| Herbs that cause a bleeding risk with apririn, NSAIDs, warfarin. | -Garlic -Ginger -Ginkgo biloba "The 3 Gs' can make you bleed!" |
| What herb is a risk for serotonin syndrome? | ST. John's Wort |
| What herb causes sedation with CNS depressants? | Valerian. |
| What herb is a bleeding risk, that interferes with hormonal therapies? ( testosterone, contraceptives) | Saw palmetto. |
| Food rich is _____ are a high risk for hypertensive crisis with MAOIs. | Tyramine |
| _____ is a high risk for toxicity for many drugs. | Grapefruit juice |
| ___ causes high drowsiness with CNS depressants. | Alcohol |
| Activates a receptor in the body | Agonist |
| Blocks a receptor in the body | Antagonist |
| Acts as an agonist at one receptor and an antagonist at another. | Agonist-Antagonist |
| What is an herb that treats hot flashes, palpitations, irribility? (menopausal women) | Black cohosh |
| Herb for migraine headaches? | Feverfew |
| Herb that is an antioxidant and good for memory which also causes bleeding. | Ginko biloba |
| An herb used for stress relief, boosts energy and helps digestion. | Ginseng |
| An anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral herb | Licorice |
| Herb used for treatment of cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis gallbladder disorders. | Milk Thistle |
| Herb that decreases size of prostate. | Saw palmetto |
| Herb that acts as an antidepressant( light) and antiviral. | ST. John's Wort |
| Herb that stimulates immune system, should not be taken continuously. | Echinacea |
| The nurse teaches a patient that a "drug holiday" is recommended with which herbal preparation? | Echinacea |
| Which sttaement about St. John's wort is true? | Current research suggests that it is not effective when used by individuals with moderate to severe depression. |
| Which herb is thought to decrease memory loss associated with aging? | Ginkgo biloba |
| A patient receives an anticoagulant secondary to previous blood clots. The nurse should reinforce that the patient should not take. | Garlic |
| Right to make their own decisions is called? | Autonomy |
| Have a duty to protect a patient from harm. | Beneficience |
| Whatever selection process has to be fair. | Justice |
| Honesty, truth | Veracity |
| Basic ethical principals | -autonomy -beneficience -justice -veracity |
| A patient with a disease that is treatable with a new medication refuses treatment. The nurse respects the patient's right to make decisions for herself that are not congruent with the nurse's opinion. Which basic ethical principle is the nurse respecting | Autonomy |
| A nurse is participating in data collection for a medication research study. A patient tells the nurse she would like to withdraw from the study. The nurse correctly responds. | " it is your decision to withdraw form the study. Can I get someone to talk with you about it?" |
| Which is a correctly written goal by the nurse? | Patient will learn to administer insulin. |
| Which information will the nurse include in the patient teaching? | -Administration techniques -Instructions regarding drug discontinuation. -Foods to avoid when taking a certain drug. -side effects to report to health care provider. |
| What is the first step of the nursing process when working with patients receiving drug therapy? | Assessment |
| Before information about drug therapy is presented to a patient, it is most important for the nurse to.. | Assess the patient's readiness to learn. |
| The nurse is aware that drugs proven to be a risk to the human fetus are included in which FDA pregnancy category(ies). | -C -D -X |
| The nurse is required to chart the patient's response to all the following groups of medications except. | -anithyperlipidemics--->(lowers lipids, you can't check that by observation) |
| What is the primary purpose of self-medication administration? | To empower the patient to be more effective in management of the therapeutic regimen. |
| A nurse reads the following order: " take one multivitamin qod." The nurse will. | Call the prescriber to clarify the order. |
| Abbreviation for Gastrostomy tube | G-Tube |
| Abbreviation for Intradermal | ID |
| Abbreviation for Intramuscular | IM |
| Abbreviation for Intravenous | IV |
| Abbreviation for Intravenous push | IVP |
| Abbreviation for Intravenous piggyback | IVPB |
| Abbreviation for Jejunostomy tube | J-Tube |
| Abbreviation for Nasogastric Tube | NG |
| Abbreviation for Nasojejunal Tube | NJ |
| Abbreviation for Orogastric Tube | OG |
| Abbreviation for By rectum | PR |
| Abbreviation for Subcutaneous | SUBQ |
| Abbreviation for Before meals | AC |
| Abbreviation for Before noon | am |
| Abbreviation for Twice a day | BID |
| Abbreviation for Three times a day | TID |
| Abbreviation for Four times a day | QID |
| Abbreviation for Immediately | STAT |
| Abbreviation for Bedtime | HS |
| Abbreviation for Hour | h, hr |
| Abbreviation for minute | min |
| Abbreviation for Evening or afternoon | pm |
| Abbreviation for As needed | PRN |
| Abbreviation for every 2 hours, every 4 hours | q2h, q4h |
| Abbreviation for Before | ā |
| Abbreviation for Dextrose 5% in normal saline | D5NS |
| Abbreviation for Normal saline | NS |
| Abbreviation for prescription | Rx |
| Abbreviation for directions | Sig. |
| How a medication gets. from the site of administration to the bloodstream is called? | Absorption |
| How a medication gets from the bloodstream to the site of actions is called? | Distribution |
| A hormone used to treat patients who have insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is called? | Insulin |
| 6 rights of medication administration | 1. right drug 2.right does 3. right route and form 4. right time 5. right patient 6. right documentation |
| Involving absorption of the drug via the GI tract and includes oral, gastric or duodenal ( feeding tube) | Enteral medications |
| Medications that are injected are called? | Parenteral medications |
| The frequent syringe, that is a 5ml. | Hypodermic syringe |
| Syringe for very small amounts of medication, total volume of 1 ml. | Tuberculin syringe. |
| Syringe used only for insulin. | Insuline syringe. |
Created by:
yolanda.olivera001
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