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Chapter 14

Seizures

TermDefinition
Epilepsy A neurological disorder characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain.
Absence seizure A type of generalized seizure characterized by brief episodes of staring or loss of awareness, typically lasting only a few seconds.
Tonic-clonic seizures also known as grand mal seizures, are a type of generalized seizure that involves two phases: the tonic phase, where the body stiffens and muscles contract, and the clonic phase, characterized by rythmic shaking or jerking movements.
Tonic Stiffening of the limbs
Clonic Limbs and face begin to jerk
Status epilepticus seizure Continuous tonic-clonic seizures that last longer than 5 minutes or recur before the end of the postictal period of the previous seizure.
Partial seizures Also known as focal seizures, originate in a specific are of the brain and can be classified into two types: Simple partial seizures and complex partial seizures
carbamazepine (Tegretol) First drug of choice for partial seizures
lamotrigine (Lamictal) Firrst drug of choice for Tonic-Clonic seizures
ethosuximide (Zarontin) First drug of choice for absence seizures
diazepam (Valium) First drug of choice for status epilepticus
Stevens-johnson syndrome a severe, potentially life-threatening skin condition characterized by widespread skin rash, blistering, and mucous membrane involvement.
Stomatitis inflammation of the mucous membranes in the mouth, which can cause symptoms like soreness, swelling, and ulcers.
Erythema multiforme a skin condition characterized by the sudden appearance or red, target-like lesions of spots on the skin, often triggered by infections, medications, or other factors
Trigeminal neuralgia a chronic pain condition characterized by sudden, severe facial pain along the distribution of the trigeminal nerve.
Antiseizure agents gabapentin (Neurontin) lamotrigine (Lamictal) levetiracetam (Keppra, Keppra XR) phenytoin (Dilantin) pregabalin (Lyrica) valproate (Depacon, Depakote) carbamazepine (Tegretol)
Barbiturate / antiseizure agent phenobarbital (Sezaby) (Luminal)
gabapentin (Neurontin) class Antiseizure agent
gabapentin (Neurontin) indication seizure
lamotrigine (Lamictal) class antiseizure agents
lamotrigine (Lamictal) indication seizure
levetiracetam (Keppra, Keppra XR) class antiseizure agent
levetiracetam (Keppra, Keppra XR) indication seizure
phenytoin (Dilantin) class Antiseizure agent
phenytoin (Dilantin) indication seizure
pregabalin (Lyrica) class Antiseizure agent
pregabalin (Lyrica) indication seizures
valproate (Depacon, Depakote) class antiseizure agents
valproate (Depacon, Depakote) indication Seizures
phenobarbital (Sezaby) (Luminal) class barbiturate / antiseizure agent
phenobarbital (Sezaby) (Luminal) indication Seizures
carbamazepine (Tegretol) class Antiseizure agent
carbamazepine (Tegretol) indication seizures
Created by: C.delaRocha
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