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Chapter 4.2 Vocab

TermDefinition
soil the loose weathered material on Earth’s surface in which plants can grow. It is a mixture of rock particles, minerals, decayed organic material, water and air.
Bedrock/Horizon R The solid layer of rock beneath the soil.
Humus A dark-colored substance that forms as plant and animal remains decay. Helps create spaces in soil for air and water.
Fertility A measure of how well the soil supports plant growth.
Loam Soil that is made up of about equal parts clay, sand, and silt. This is the best soil for growing most plants.
pH scale Measures acidity levels.
Soil horizons Layers of soil that differ in color, texture and composition. O,A,B,C,R
Topsoil A crumbly, dark brown soil that is a mixture of humus, clay and other minerals. This is where plants grow. A Horizon
Subsoil Soil that usually consists of clay and other particles of rock, but little humus. It forms LAST as rainwater washes these materials down from the A horizon. B Horizon
Decomposers Organisms that break the remains of dead organisms into smaller pieces and digest them with chemicals.
Soil particles Classified by size, from biggest to smallest: gravel, sand, silt, clay
Created by: mrs.howard2024
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