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Force and Motion
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Force | A push or a pull on an object. Forces can cause an object to start moving, stop moving, or change direction. It is measured in Newtons (N) |
| Motion | A change in an object's position relative to a reference point. |
| Speed | The rate at which an object changes its position. It is the distance an object travels divided by the time it takes to travel that distance |
| Velocity | Speed in a given direction. For example, 15 meters per second (m/s) is a speed, while 15 m/s north is a velocity |
| Acceleration | The rate at which an object's velocity changes. This can mean speeding up, slowing down, or changing direction |
| Friction | A force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are touching. |
| Gravity | A force of attraction between any two objects with mass. The more mass an object has, the stronger its gravitational pull. |
| Mass | The amount of matter in an object. Mass is measured in kilograms (kg). |
| Weight | The measure of the force of gravity on an object. Weight is measured in Newtons (N). |
| Inertia | The tendency of an object to resist a change in its motion. An object at rest will stay at rest, and an object in motion will stay in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. |
| Work | The transfer of energy that occurs when a force causes an object to move in the direction of the force. Work is done only when an object moves. It is measured in Joules (J). |
| Power | The rate at which work is done. It is the amount of work divided by the time it takes to do the work. Power is measured in Watts (W) |
| Newton's First Law (Law of Inertia) | An object in motion stays in motion, and an object at rest stays at rest, unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. |
| Newton's Second Law | The acceleration of an object depends on the net force acting on the object and the mass of the object. The formula is F=ma. |
| Newton's Third Law | For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. |
| Balanced Forces | Forces that are equal in size and opposite in direction. When balanced forces act on an object, there is no change in motion. The object will stay at rest or continue to move at a constant velocity |
| Unbalanced Forces | Forces that are not equal in size or are not opposite in direction. Unbalanced forces cause a change in an object's motion (i.e., acceleration). |
Created by:
schristensen
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