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Element vocab
vocab
| word | definition |
|---|---|
| Element | a substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances by chemical means; all atoms of an element have the same atomic number |
| mineral | a naturally formed, inorganic solid with a crystalline structure |
| luster | the way in which a mineral reflects light |
| cleavage | in geology, the tendency of a mineral to split along specific planes of weakness to form smooth, flat surfaces |
| atom | the smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element |
| compound | a substance made up of atoms or ions of two or more different elements joined by chemical |
| crystal | natural solid substance that has a definite geometric shape |
| matter | anything that has mass and takes up space |
| Streak | the color of a mineral in powdered form |
| L2 | |
| weathering | the natural process by which atmospheric and environmental agents, such as wind, rain, and temperature changes, disintegrate and decompose rocks ( |
| eroision | the process by which wind, water, ice, or gravity transports soil and sediment from one location to another |
| desposition | the process in which material is laid down |
| igneous rock | rock that forms when magma cools and solidifies |
| sedimentary | a rock that forms from compressed or cemented layers of sediment |
| metamorphic rock | a rock that forms from other rocks as a result of intense heat, pressure, or chemical processes |
| rock cycle | the series of processes in which rock forms, changes from one type to another, is destroyed, and forms again by geologic processes |
| Uplift | the rising of regions of the Earth’s crust to higher elevations |
| Subsidence | the sinking of regions of the Earth’s crust to lower elevations |
| Rift Zone | an area of deep cracks that forms between two tectonic plates that are pulling away from each other |
| LS5 | |
| deformation | the bending, tilting, and breaking of Earth’s crust; the change in the shape of rock in response to stress |
| folding | the bending of rock layers due to stress |
| shear stress | stress that occurs when forces act in parallel but opposite directions, pushing parts of a solid in opposite directions |
| fault | a break in a body of rock along which one block moves relative to another |
| tension | stress that occurs when forces act to stretch an object |
| compression | stress that occurs when forces act to squeeze an object |
| L6 | |
| earth quake | a movement or trembling of the ground that is caused by a sudden release of energy when rocks along a fault move |
| focus | he location within Earth along a fault at which the first motion of an earthquake occurs |
| epicenter | the point on Earth’s surface directly above an earthquake’s starting point, or focus |
| tectonic plate boundary | the edge between two or more plates classified as divergent, convergent, or transform by the movement taking place between the plates |
| elastic rebound | the sudden return of elastically deformed rock to its undeformed shape |
| lesson 7 | |
| volcano | vent or fissure in Earth’s surface through which magma and gases are expelled |
| hot spot | a volcanically active area of Earth’s surface, commonly far from a tectonic plate boundary |
| magma | the molten or partially molten rock material containing trapped gases produced under the Earth’s surface |
| vent | n opening at the surface of the Earth through which volcanic material passes |
Created by:
Bradley J
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