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Evolution Vocabulary

TermDefinition
adaptation a variation that helps an organism survive
natural selection Over time the advantageous traits become more common in the population
variation difference in a population
fitness able to survive and produce variable offspring
adaptive radiation a single species evolves certain adaptations to survive in their environment
convergent evolution when organisms that are not closely related evolve similar traits or behaviors
divergent evolution the process by which closely related species develop different traits over time, eventually leading to the formation of new species
homologous structure similar physical features in organisms that share a common ancestor, but the features serve completely different functions
analogous structure features of different species that are similar in function but not necessarily in structure and which do not derive from a common ancestral feature
vestigial structure a body part that has lost most or all of its original function over time
artificial selection the process by which humans intentionally breed plants and animals with desirable traits
speciation the process in which a new biological species arises
evolution gradual change in allele frequencies in a population over time
geographic isolation the physical separation of populations of organisms by geographic barriers (mountains, river, etc). Can lead to the development of new species.
fossil evidence of evolution; shows the gradual change in organism size and structure from layer to layer
amino acid sequences compared to see which organisms are closely related to one other; determined by DNA base sequences
Created by: hadams2020
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