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Science Ch. 10
Ch.10 Structure & Function of Plants
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What are some characteristics of plants | They are producers, they are eukaryotic and multicellular, they have organized tissues especially conducting tissues, they have plastids such as green chloroplasts, and they have cell walls containing cellulose |
| Types of plant organs | Roots, stems, and leaves |
| What is a node & what are their relations to plant organs | A node is a region where a leaf is or was attached |
| Taproot system | Taproot system one or few main roots that are much thicker and longer than any other roots in the plant. |
| Woody stems | Woody stems are hard, and not very flexible |
| Leaf characteristics (edge shapes, venations, stem arrangements) | Edge shapes: compound leaf which has individual leaflets, and simple leaf which has only one blade on a petiole. Venations: parallel venations, palmate venations, and pinnate venations. |
| What are plant cell walls made of | largely of cellulose |
| What is turgor pressure? | Water inside of plant cells makes the plant stiff. |
| Examples of plastids | Chloroplasts. |
| What does xylem transport? Phloem? | Xylem: transports water. Phloem: transports sugar solutions. |
| What is wood made of? | Wood is made of layers of xylem |
| Definition of vascular bundle | Narrow tubes of xylem and phloem. |
| Definition of epidermis | The outermost tissue of leaves, young roots, and young stems. |
| Where is a tree’s bark located | outside the xylem in tree trunk. |
| Definition of stomata | Tiny openings |
| Definition of transpiration | The exiting of water through the stoma of plants. |
| Definition of lenticels | Tiny opening in the bark. |
| Palisade layer Spongy layer | Tall, thin, closely packed cells |
| Where are all of a plant’s growth regions | Tissue below the palisade layer. |
| Positive tropism | when a plant responds by growing toward a factor in its environment. |
| Phototropism | a plant’s growth response to light. |
| What plant hormone is responsible for helping a plant respond to light | Auxin |
| What is a nastic movement | Reversible, repeatable plant movements. |
| Photoperiodism | a plant’s response to the length of time it is exposed to light. |
| fibrous root system | The fibrous root system has a cluster of roots that are about equal in size. |
| herbaceous stems | Herbaceous stems softer and more flexible type of stem. |
| Phloem? | transports sugar solutions. |
| negative tropism | if the plant grows away from the factor |
| Thigmotropism | a plant’s growth response to touch. |
| Gravitropism | a plant's growth response to gravity. |
| What is a nastic movement? | Reversible, repeatable plant movements |
| Examples of plants with nastic movements | The opening and closing of tulips, and the closing of the mouth of the Venus fly trap. |
| How does a Venus flytrap close/open its trap? | Turgor pressure. |
| phytochromes | plant pigments |
| Definition of guard cells. | special epidural cells that surround the stoma. |
| What do stoma & guard cells do? | They allow water vapor and other gasses to pass through the stoma. |
| phytochromes | plant pigments |
| What is wood made of? | Wood is made of layers of xylem |
| Conditions for Short-day, Long-day, & Day-neutral plants to bloom | Short-day plants: need the days short and nights long. Day-neutral: They need conditions such as moisture and acceptable temperatures regardless of the amount of light and darkness. Long-day plants: require long days and short nights. |
Created by:
Andrew Uribe
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