Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Psych Unit 6B Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Associative learning | Learning that certain events occur together |
| Classical conditioning | Learning where we link two or more stimuli |
| Behaviorism | The view that psych is objective and studies behavior without mental processes |
| Ivan Pavlov | The og behaviorist with a bell |
| Unconditioned Response (UR) | An unconditioned, naturally occurring response |
| Unconditioned Stimulus (US) | A stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers a UR |
| Conditioned Stimulus (CS) | An originally neutral stimulus that triggers a CR |
| Conditioned Response (CR) | A learned response to a previously natural stimulus |
| Acquisition | Initial learning of the stimulus-response relationship |
| Higher-order conditioning | When the stimulus becomes a CS without a US |
| Extinction | The diminishing of a conditioned response |
| Spontaneous recovery | The reappearance of a CR after a pause |
| Generalization | The tendency to respond to stimuli similar to the CS |
| Discrimination | The learned ability to distinguish between a CS and irrelevant stimuli |
| Counterconditioning | Conditioning someone to change their response |
| One-Trial Conditioning | States learning occurs in a single pairing not strengthened over time through repeated exposure |
| Biological Preparedness | The idea that organisms are predisposed to learning associations |
| Habituation | The process of growing accustomed to a situation or stimulus |
| Operant conditioning | When behavior is increased following a reinforcer |
| B.F. Skinner | Big behaviorist and operant conditioner |
| Thorndike’s law of effect | Rewarded behavior recurs, punished does the opposite |
| Operant chamber | A box with a way to obtain something and devices to record how many times something was obtained |
| Reinforcement | Any event that strengthens a preceding response |
| Shaping | Guiding behavior toward the desired behavior |
| Positive reinforcement | Increasing behavior through positive reinforcers |
| Negative reinforcement | Increasing behavior by stopping negative stimuli |
| Primary reinforcers | An innately reinforcing stimulus |
| Secondary reinforcers | A stimulus that gains power through association with a primary reinforcer |
| Continuous reinforcement | Reinforcing desired response each occurance |
| Partial reinforcement schedules | Reinforcing a response only part of the time |
| Fixed-ratio schedules | Reinforces behavior after a set number of responses |
| Variable-ratio schedules | Provides reinforcers after a seemingly unpredictable number of responses |
| Fixed-interval schedules | Reinforces response after a specified time |
| Variable-interval schedules | Reinforces response at unpredictable time intervals |
| Reinforcement Discrimination | Reinforcing in presence of one stimulus but not others |
| Reinforcement Generalization | When reinforced behavior also exhibits in similar contexts |
| Learned Helplessness | Behavior after enduring repeated aversive stimuli beyond someone's control |
| Punishment | An event that tends to decrease behavior it follows |
| Positive punishment | Administer an aversive stimulus |
| Negative punishment | Withdraw a rewarding stimulus |
| Instinctive drift | Tendency of learned behavior to revert to biological predispositions |
| Cognitive map | Mental representation of the layout of one's environment |
| Latent learning | Learning that doesn't appear until there's incentive to demonstrate it |
| Insight Learning | Immediate and clear learning or understanding |
| Observational learning | Learning by observing others |
| Modeling | The process of observing and imitating behavior |
| Vicarious Conditioning | Learning through observing others' responses |
| Theory of mind | The capacity to understand that others think their own thoughts |
| Social Learning Theory | Suggests social behavior is learned by observing and imitating the behavior of others |
Created by:
mejones
Popular Psychology sets