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Cell Process and Energy
Term | Definition |
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photosynthesis | The process by which plants and other autotrophs capture and use light energy to make food from carbon dioxide and water. |
autotroph | An organism that is able to capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce it's own food. |
heterotroph | An organism that cannot make its own food and gets food by consuming other living things. |
chlorophyll | A green photosynthetic pigment found in the chloroplasts of, plants,algae, and some bacteria. |
cellular respiration | The process by in which oxygen and glucose undergo a complex series of chemical reactions in cells, releasing energy. |
fermentation | The process by which cells release energy by breaking down food molecules without using oxygen. |
cell cycle | The series of events in which the cell grows, prepares for division, and divides from two daughter cells. |
interphase | The first stage of the cell cycle that takes place before cell division occurs, during which a cell grows and makes a copy of DNA. |
replication | The process by which a cell makes a copy of the DNA in its nucleus before the cell division. |
chromosome | A threadlike structure within a cell's unless that contains DNA that is passed from one generation to the next. |
mitosis | The second stage of the cell cycle during which the cells nucleus divides into two nuclei and one set of DNA is distributes into each daughter cell. |
cytokinesis | The final stage of the cell cycle, in which the cell's cytoplasm divides distributing the organelles into each of the two new daughter cells. |