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7th Fall Final Exam
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Prokaryote | single-celled organism with no nucleus |
| Eukaryote | an organism made of cells containing a nucleus |
| Organelle | cell structures that help the cell maintain homeostasis |
| cell membrane | Controls what enters and leaves the cell |
| semi/selectively permeable | Allows some materials to pass through the cell membrane and prevents others |
| cell wall | protects and supports plant cells |
| Nucleus | gives direction for the rest of the cell organelles |
| Cytoplasm | gel-like substance that holds organelles in place |
| Chloroplast | where photosynthesis happens in a cell |
| Mitochondria | produces energy for the cell |
| Lysosome | breaks down old cell materials |
| Homeostasis | ability to maintain a stable internal environment |
| Photosynthesis | a plant cell uses energy from the sun and converts it into food |
| cellular respiration | Converts oxygen and glucose into ATP (energy), water, and carbon dioxide |
| response to stimuli | the ability to react to changing details in the environment |
| Response | a reaction |
| Metabolism | taking in nutrients and using it throughout the cell |
| Multicellular | An organism made up of many cells |
| Unicellular | An organism made of only one cell |
| Diffusion | movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration |
| Osmosis | moves WATER from an area of high concentration to low concentration (with the concentration gradient) |
| Ribosome | help with the creation of proteins |
| Vacuoles | helps to store materials in the cell |
| active transport | Requires energy to move materials across the cell membrane (usually larger particles) |
| passive transport | Moves materials across the cell membrane without using energy |
| ATP | energy produced during cellular respiration that cells can use to carry out life processes |
| Cell | basic unit of life |
| Tissue | A group of cells working together for a common purpose |
| Organ | A group of tissues working together for a common purpose |
| organ system | A group of organs working together for a common purpose |
| Organism | A living thing |
| digestive system | Breaks down food into basic nutrients the body can use |
| circulatory/cardiovascular system | pumps blood and other materials throughout the body |
| excretory system | gets rid of the body’s waste |
| respiratory system | takes in oxygen and gets rid of carbon dioxide |
| muscular system | attached to the skeleton and helps move the body |
| nervous system | sends and receives signals throughout the body to help maintain homeostasis |
| immune system | helps prevent and fight off illness |
| Fragmentation | a type of asexual reproduction where an organism is broken into multiple pieces and fully regenerate. |
| Mitosis | The cell cycle for asexual reproduction |
| Meiosis | The cell cycle for sexual reproduction |
| Chromosomes | How DNA is packaged in the cell |
| Obtain and use energy | goes with metabolism - ability to get or make food and use it for energy |
| Binary Fission | A type of asexual reproduction where the DNA is replicated and the organism divides into two new copies. |
| Grow | To get larger in size |
| Develop | To become more complex |
| Fertilization | The process where two sex cells (gametes) join to create a zygote |
| sexual reproduction | requires two parents |
| asexual reproduction | requires one parent |
| genetic variation | The differences in DNA within a species |
Created by:
kenoch2
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