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RADT. 425 FINAL

Critique Final

QuestionAnswer
Brightness can be adjusted through postprocessing _________ windowing
Intensity refers to the total _____ of xray photons QUANTITY
______ is the controlling factor for intensity mAs
Contrast is the ratio or % difference between two adjacent brightness levels
Subject contrast demonstrates the degree of differential absorption from different body structures (atomic number, atomic density, part thickness)
____ is the controlling factor for contrast kVp
Histogram peaks and valleys represent the subject contrast in the remnant radiation
Quantum mottle amount of exposure (photons) reaching the IR is TOO LOW **re-exposure is necessary**
On CXR, if angled too cephalically clavicles are projected UP (<1" above apices) lordotic view
On CXR, if angled too caudally clavicles are projected DOWN (>1" above apices)
This view is good to see a boxer's fx of the 5th MC PA Oblique Hand
On a lateral hand 2nd - 5th MC heads superimposed; do NOT care about radius & ulna superimposition
Name the bones of the wrist (L to R bottom row, then L to R top row) Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform Trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate
AP Elbow 1/8th of radius and ulna are superimposed
AP Internal Oblique Elbow MORE superimposition of radius and ulna
AP External Oblique Elbow "EXES" radius and ulna are separated
AP Humerus epicondyles PARALLEL to IR
Lateral Humerus epicondyles PERPINDICULAR to IR
Thin (asthenic) pts get ____ angle on AP Axial Clavicle 25-30 degrees
Large (hypersthenic) pts get ____ angle on the AP Axial Clavicle 15-20 degrees
Lateral rotation of oblique foot ______ superimposition of metatarsal bases increases
Medial rotation of oblique foot _____ superimposition of metatarsal bases decreases
AP Ankle Medial mortise is open & tibia covers 1/2 of distal fibula
AP Knee Tibia covers 1/2 of proximal fibula
If your AP Knee shows the fibula popped out laterally then there was too much internal rotation
If your AP Knee shows MORE superimposition of the fibula and tibia then there was too much external rotation
AP Axial SI Joints angle 30 degrees cephalic for MALES and 35 degrees cephalic for FEMALES
AP Oblique SI Joints position roll 25-30 degrees posterior oblique center 1" medial to upside ASIS
More lordotic curvature of C-spine = MORE cephalic angle needed (like 20 degrees)
Lumbar AP Oblique Average ___ rotation 45 degrees
Lumbar AP Oblique L1L2 ____ rotation 50 degrees
Lumbar AP Oblique L5 ____ rotation 30 degrees
In a good lumbar oblique, the pedicle should be midway between the midline and lateral border of the vertebral body
Insufficient oblique lumbar, the pedicle is closer to the LATERAL of the vertebral body
Excessive oblique lumbar, the pedicle is closer to the MIDLINE border of the vertebral body
PA Oblique Sternum position is 15-20 degree RAO w/ orthostatic breathing
True Ribs: False Ribs: Floating Ribs: 1-7 8-12 11 & 12
Anterior rib pain PA position (PAA) - LAO/RAO
Posterior rib pain AP position (APP) LPO/RPO
AP Lower Leg (tib/fib) Tibia covers 1/4 fibular head & 1/2 distal fibula
Lateral Lower Leg Tibia covers 1/2 fibular head
Lateral Sacrum/Coccyx CR to 3-4 in posterior to ASIS
Lateral Coccyx CR to 3-4 in posterior to ASIS and 2 in distal
For the Towne Method the dorsum sellae is centered WITHIN the foramen magnum
WATERS: MML perpendicular to IR; OML forms 37 degree angle with IR; PR BELOW Maxillary sinus
MODIFIED WATERS: LML perpendicular to IR; OML forms a 55 degree angle with IR; PR in lower 1/3 of maxillary sinus
SMV IOML is parallel to IR & CR 1.5" inferior to mandibular symphysis
Created by: SavHoffman25
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