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chapter 12

problem solving and creativity

TermDefinition
Gestalt approach focuses on how people perceive and experience things as whole patterns or systems, rather than just individual parts
representation, Problem solving depends on
restructuring changing its representation
insight sudden comprehension or realization that involves a reorganization of a person's mental representation
fixation what you get stuck on
Insight problems puzzles or challenges that require a sudden realization or "aha!" moment to solve
non-insight problems puzzles or challenges that you solve through logical, step-by-step thinking
Functional fixedness is the inability to perceive a new use for an obkect associated with a different purpose
mental set a preconceived notion about how to approach a problme
Information-processing approach describes problem solving as a search that occurs between the problem and its solution
Tower of Hanoi problem classic puzzle that tests logical thinking and problem-solvin organizing and planning moves while following the rules to achieve the goal efficiently.
Means-end analysis tries to reduce the difference between the intial and goal states by creating subgoals
Mutilated checkerboard problem the puzzle teaches that sometimes solving problems is less about trial and error and more about understanding the logic or structure behind them
Analogical problem solving is using the solution to a similar problem to guide the solution of a new problem
3 steps noticing, mapping, and applying
Radiation problem also be solved more easily with analogical problem solving
fortress story a problem-solving analogy often used in psychology experiments to study how people use analogies to solve problems.
Created by: terrance1239
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