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psych exam 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Autistic Disorder | - Impaired social interaction - impaired communication - reptitive behavior |
| ADHD | - Inattention - hyperactivity/impulsivity |
| Antisocial Personality Disorder | Disregards laws/others rights, decieve and lie, irritable, aggressive, lack of remorse |
| Narcissistic Personality Disorder | pathologically high self esteem, preoccupied with fantasies of success, believe they deserve special treatment, aggressive when ego is threatened |
| Borderline Personality Disorder | unstable and extreme self image, mood, and relationships impulsive, self destructive behavior: promiscuity, drug abuse, mutilation, etc. |
| Avoidant Personality Disorder | Hypersensitive, feeling inadequate or inferior, difficulty forming intimate relationship |
| Dependent Personality Disorder | excessive need to be taken care of, helpless, difficulty making decisions or expressing disagreement, lack self confidence and submissive |
| Paranoid Personality Disorder | Pervasive, unjustified distrust, suspiciousness |
| Schizoid Personality Disorder | Don't enjoy, want or have relationships, doesnt express emotion, enjoy few activities |
| Undifferentiated Schizophrenia | symptoms don't fit 3 other types |
| Paranoid Schizophrenia | Extreme suspiciousness, delusions, hallucinations |
| Catatonic Schizophrenia | Catatonic state (immobile, mute), active state (excited, talking, shouting) |
| Disorganized Schizophrenia | Disorganized speech and behavior |
| Dissociative Fugue | Amnesic person leaves home and assumes new identity |
| Dissociative Amnesia | memory loss with no physical cause, dissociative fugue |
| Conversion Disorder | Dramatic specific disability without physical cause |
| Somatization Disorder | vague, minor physical complaints without a physical cause |
| Somatoform Disorders | Apparent physical illness with no identifiable physical cause, patients believe they are ill but have no physical symptoms |
| Psychosomatic Disorder | Physical illness caused by psychological factors like anxiety |
| Central Route | Carefully evaluate info, requires time and effort, more common with intelligent people |
| DSM-V Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders | use 5 dimensions to diagnose/classify mental disorders |
| Pluralistic ignorance | assume help not needed because no one is helping or that someone else can provide better help |
| Diffusion of responsibility | feel less responsible when others are present, they are considered equally likely to help |
| Bystander effect | tendency to fail to help when others are present or available to help |
| Low-ball technique | offered a good deal on something, you agree to buy it, then they tell you it was an error in the price |
| Bait-and-switch technique | offered good deal, then they change it after you agreed to it |
| Door-in-the-face technique | 1st present large request that is denied, followed by smaller request |
| Foot-in-the-door technique | 1st make small request that is accepted, then make a larger request |
| Peripheral route | attend to appearance, reputation, and number of arguments, little time and effort, more common with less intelligent people |
| Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger) | Unpleasant feeling experienced when hold contradictory thoughts or attitudes |
| Collectivist culture | members are just members of a larger group, not individuals and group in put before yourself |
| Individualist culture | Members are individuals, personal goals are more important than the groups |
| Acculturation | Adopting the behavioral practices, attitudes, values, customs, beliefs of another ethnic group |
| Ethnocentrism | Evaluation of other cultures from one's own cultural point of view |
| Cultural relativity | Idea that behavior must be judged relative to the culture in which it occurs |
| Multiculturalism | Idea that we should give equal status, recognition, and acceptance to different ethnic and cultural groups |
| Social identity theory | stereotyping, prejudice, discrimination caused by need to have positive identity of self and group to which one belongs |
| realistic conflict theory | stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination caused by competition over scarce resources |
| prejudice | positive or negative feeling toward a group (feeling) |
| stereotype | generalized belief about a group (belief) |
| Out-group | Social group to which one does not belong |
| In-group | Social group to which one belongs |
| self-handicapping | intentionally putting oneself at disadvantage to provide excuse for failure |
| self-serving bias (defensive attribution) | attributions to maximize credit for success and minimize blame for failure |
| ultimate attribution error | tendency to make internal attributions about a group |
| Fundamental attribution error (correspondence bias) | make internal attributions for people's behavior despite evidence of situational factors |
| Actor-observer effect | tendency to explain our own behavior in situational terms and that of others in dispositional terms |
| situational attribution (external) | explanation based on the situation |
| Dispositional attribution (internal) | explanation based on stable individual characteristics |
| Attribution | how we explain the causes of behavior |
| Social Psychology | study of how thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by situations |
| Sean is excessively neat and clean. This is a concept of conflict during the ____ stage. | Anal |
| Maslow argued that humans differ from other animals in that humans have a self-intiated striving for: | Self-actualization |
| ____ was responsible for devising the hierarchy of needs | Abraham Maslow |
| Sigmund Freud was the first to develop a ____ theory of personality | psychoanalytic |
| Analytic psychology was developed by: | Carl Jung |
| Sherry is thinking about her trip to the store yesterday. The memory is in her ____ mind. | Conscious |
| Based on Freuds's theory, a traumatic childhood event that was repressed is stored at the ____ level | unconscious |
| According to the Cannon-bard theory, an event simultaneously triggers: | physiological arousal and experience of an emotion |
| Sean is excessively neat and clean. This is a concept of conflict during the ____ stage. | Anal |
| Maslow argued that humans differ from other animals in that humans have a self-intiated striving for: | Self-actualization |
| ____ was responsible for devising the hierarchy of needs | Abraham Maslow |
| Personality assessment where you are shown pictures and asked to make up a story for each | the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) |
| Sigmund Freud was the first to develop a ____ theory of personality | psychoanalytic |
| Biological factors in hunger include: | stomach contractions, blood sugar level, the hypothalamus |
| Analytic psychology was developed by: | Carl Jung |
| Sherry is thinking about her trip to the store yesterday. The memory is in her ____ mind. | Conscious |
| Based on Freuds's theory, a traumatic childhood event that was repressed is stored at the ____ level | unconscious |
| According to the Cannon-bard theory, an event simultaneously triggers: | physiological arousal and experience of an emotion |
| According to Jung, primitive images contained in the collective unconscious are called: | archetypes |
| The similarity between men's and women's sexual response was noted by: | Master's and Johnson |
| Personality assessment where you are shown pictures and asked to make up a story for each | the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) |
| Biological factors in hunger include: | stomach contractions, blood sugar level, the hypothalamus |
| Karen Horney's view differed from those of | |
| Sean is excessively neat and clean. This is a concept of conflict during the ____ stage. | Anal |
| Maslow argued that humans differ from other animals in that humans have a self-intiated striving for: | Self-actualization |
| ____ was responsible for devising the hierarchy of needs | Abraham Maslow |
| Sigmund Freud was the first to develop a ____ theory of personality | psychoanalytic |
| Analytic psychology was developed by: | Carl Jung |
| Sherry is thinking about her trip to the store yesterday. The memory is in her ____ mind. | Conscious |
| Based on Freuds's theory, a traumatic childhood event that was repressed is stored at the ____ level | unconscious |
| According to the Cannon-bard theory, an event simultaneously triggers: | physiological arousal and experience of an emotion |
| According to Jung, primitive images contained in the collective unconscious are called: | archetypes |
| The similarity between men's and women's sexual response was noted by: | Master's and Johnson |
| Personality assessment where you are shown pictures and asked to make up a story for each | the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) |
| Biological factors in hunger include: | stomach contractions, blood sugar level, the hypothalamus |
| Karen Horney's view differed from those of Sigmund Freud in that she believed: | Sexual impulses are less important than social relationships in childhood |
| The Cannon-bard theory disagrees with the James-Lange idea that: | Each emotion has a unique automatic physiological response pattern |
| Alfred Adler believed that people are basically motivated by an ____ | Inferiority Complex |
| The Festinger and Carlsmith study was a study in ____. | Cognitive dissonance |
| ____ conducted a series of experiments to find out how many people would resist immoral requests made by authority figures. | Stanley Milgram |
| According to the James-Lange theory of emotion, specific patterns of arousal and action are triggered by specific stimuli. The emotions we experience are, therefore, ______ | Based on automatic physiological and behavioral responses |
| Tom is a loner, who has few friends and seems incapable of sympathy or empathy. He is showing signs of _____ personality disorder. | Schizoid |
| Freud proposed the concept of ____ to describe the spilling forth of psychic energy that had been repressed by feelings of guilt. | Catharsis |
| Your client suffers from claustrophobia and cant get on the elevator at their place of work. The therapist helps her construct an approach hierarchy to work towards riding the elevator. The client is trained in relaxation before the approach hierarchy. | systematic desensitization |
| you meet with your therapist for the first time, and she tells you that she believes we have a natural tendency toward health and growth and that we are free to make choices and control our destinies. people get in touch with real feelings in therapy. | Client-centered |
| Behavior contracting | client, behavior set: - behavioral goals - reinforcements |
| Rational-emotive therapy | - therapist challenges faulty beliefs - therapist is confrontational: uses persuasion, comments, and reason |
| person-centered therapy (carl rogers) | - Unconditional positive regard from therapist - goals: client to become fully functioning and accepting of him/herself |
| Aversive conditioning | - used to eliminate undesirable behavior - associate undesirable behavior with pain/discomfort ex: treat alcoholism by pairing taste/smell with vomiting |
| behavior therapies | - assume all behavior is learned - goal: teach new, more satisfying ways of behavior |
| Gestalt therapy (perlz) | tries to make people whole- reawakens emotions, sensations in the "here and now" - emphasizes being more "real" through: self awareness, being present-centered, face-to-face confrontations, responsibility/active speech, empty chair technique |
| cognitive therapies | - assume faulty beliefs about self, others, and the world cause psychological problems - first identify faulty thinking, then correct it |
| Psychosurgery deep brain stimulation | elctrodes implanted in patients brain that emit tiny electrical signals that "silence" abnormal signals that may be causing abnormal behavior |
| cognitive-behavioral therapy | - aims to change cognitive distortions and self defeating behaviors - ABC model |
| psychoanalysis (Freud) | - brings unconscious thoughts, feelings, etc. to conscious awareness - free association: speak freely about whatever - transference - dream analysis |
| electroconvulsive therapy | - electric current passed through brain - last resort for severe, prolonged depression - may produce memory impairments |
| systematic desensitization | gradually learn new response (relaxation) to fear/anxiety provoking stimuli - develop hierarchy of fears: list of least to most fearful situation - learn to relax at each step of hierarchy |
| a therapist is helping a client decide what rewards are maintaining the client's drinking habit so a modification plan can be devised. this is an example of _____ therapy. | Behavioral |
| Shay assumes people don social masks and disown parts of themself that might meet social disapproval or rejection. she says that the goal of therapy is to help clients mix their conflicting parts of personality. she practices ______. | Gestalt |
| Your therapist tells you to lie down on a couch in a slightly dark room. she tells you to say anything that comes to mind while she says little or nothing. This is ____ therapy | psychoanalytic |
| Lea is in therapy where she is encouraged to talk about whatever is on her mind, regardless of what she may be thinking. this technique is called ______ | free association |
Created by:
grosado
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