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Chapter 3.2

TermDefinition
rock-forming mineral Any of the common minerals that make up most of the rocks of Earth’s crust. There are about 20.
sedimentary rock A type of rock that forms when particles from other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together into layers. Common to find fossils in this rock.
texture The look and feel of a rock’s surface, determined by the size, shape and pattern of a rock’s grains.
basalt A dark, dense, igneous rock with a fine texture, found in oceanic crust.
igneous rock A type of rock that forms from the cooling of molten rock at or below the surface.
granite A usually light-colored igneous rock that is found in continental crust. Made of the minerals quartz, feldspar, mica and hornblende.
metamorphic rock A type of rock that forms from an existing rock that is changed by heat, pressure or chemical reactions.
grain Describes the texture found in rocks: jagged, rounded, banded, non-banded, coarse, fine, not visible, etc.
surface color Can provide clues about what kind of minerals a rock contains.
Banded Pattern of flat or swirled layers.
Gneiss Granite transforms into the metamorphic rock "Gneiss" under intense heat and pressure.
Pumice This igneous rock can float due to having low density and air bubbles trapped within the rock during formation.
Obsidian This igneous rock was used for tools due to its glassy and sharp properties.
Conglomerate This is a sedimentary rock that has many visible grains and pieces of other materials. It can be very fragile.
Coarse grain Large and easy to be seen.
Fine grain Requires equipment such as a microscope to be seen.
Created by: user-1825399
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