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Chapter 18

Diabetes drugs - endocrine

TermDefinition
Type 1 diabetes Results from an autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic B cells. Usually develops in persons younger than 30 years old.
Type 2 diabetes Development is attributed to a much more sedentary lifestyle and lack of exercise. Usually develops in persons older than 40 years, however more and more cases are being reported for those under 20 years old.
Hyperglycemia Refers to an abnormally high level of glucose (sugar) in the blood
Hypoglycemia Condition characterized by abnormally low levels of glucose (sugar) in the blood
Glycosuria The presence of glucose (sugar) in the urine
Prophylactic Refers to measures or treatments designed to prevent disease or a condition before it occurs
UTI Urinary tract infection
Xerostomia Medical term for dry mouth
Macroangiopathy Refers to damage or disease affecting the large blood vessels
Microangiopathy Refers to damage or disease affecting the small blood vessels
Insulins insulin aspart (NovoLog), insulin lispro (Humalog), insulin regular (Humulin R), insulin determir (Levemir), insulin glargine (Lantus)
Biguanides metformin (Glucophage)
SGLT-2 Inhibitors canagliflozin (Invokana)
GLP-1 Receptors Agonists liraglutide (Victoza), semaglutide (Ozempic)
Sulfonylureas glimepiride (Amaryl), glipizide (Glucotrol), glyburide (DiaBeta)
DPP-4 inhibitors sitagliptin (Januvia)
Thiazolidinediones pioglitazone (Actos)
Meglitinides repaglinide (Prandin)
insulin aspart (NovoLog) class Rapid acting insulin
insulin aspart (NovoLog) indication Type 1 and type 2 diabetes
insulin lispro (Humalog) class Rapid acting insulin
insulin lispro (Humalog) indication Type 1 and type 2 diabetes
insulin regular (Humulin R) class Short acting insulin
insulin regular (Humulin R) indication Type 1 and type 2 diabetes
insulin determir (Levemir) class Long-acting insulin
insulin determir (Levemir) indication Type 1 and type 2 diabetes
insulin glargine (Lantus) class Long acting insulin
insulin glargine (Lantus) indication Type 1 and type 2 diabetes
metformin (Glucophage) class Biguanides
metformin (Glucophage) indication Type 2 diabetes
canagliflozin (Invokana) class SGLT-2 inhibitors
canagliflozin (Invokana) indication Type 2 diabetes
liraglutide (Victoza) class GLP-1 receptor agonists
liraglutide (Victoza) indication Type 2 diabetes
semaglutide (Ozempic) class GLP-1 receptor agonists
semaglutide (Ozempic) indication Type 2 diabetes
glimepiride (Amaryl) class Sulfonylureas
glimepiride (Amaryl) indication Type 2 diabetes
glipizide (Glucotrol) class Sulfonylureas
glipizide (Glucotrol) indication Type 2 diabetes
glyburide (DiaBeta) class Sulfonylureas
glyburide (DiaBeta) indication Type 2 diabetes
sitagliptin (Januvia) class DPP-4 inhibitors
sitagliptin (Januvia) indication Type 2 diabetes
pioglitazone (Actos) class Thiazolidinediones
pioglitazone (Actos) indication Type 2 diabetes
repaglinide (Prandin) class Meglitinides
repaglinide (Prandin) indication Type 2 diabetes
Created by: C.delaRocha
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