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Module 26 AP Psych
Module 26 AP Psych Unit 4
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Learning | The process of acquiring through experience new and relatively enduring information or behaviors |
| Habituation | decreasing responsiveness with repeated exposure to a stimulus |
| Associative learning | Learning that certain events occur together |
| Stimulus | any event or situation that evokes a response |
| Respondent behavior | any event or situation that evokes a response |
| Operant behavior | behavior that operates on the environment, producing consequences |
| Cognitive learning | The acquisition of mental information, weather by observing events, by watching others, or through language |
| Classical conditioning | A type of learning in which we link two or more stimuli; as a result to illustrate with Pavlov’s classic experiment, the first stimulus ( a tone) come to elicit behavior (drooling) in anticipation of the second stimulus (food) |
| Behaviorism | The view that psychology should be an objective science that studies behavior without reference to mental processes |
| Watson and inner thoughts | he believed that the science of psychology should instead study how organisms respond to stimuli in their environments |
| Neutral stimulus | In classical conditioning, a stimulus that elicits no response before conditioning |
| Unconditioned response | In classical conditioning an unlearned, naturally occurring response (salivation) to an unconditioned stimulus (food in mouth) |
| Unconditioned stimulus | In classical conditioning a stimulus that unconditionally, naturally and automatically, triggers an unconditioned response |
| Conditioned response | In classical conditioning, a learned response to a previously neutral stimulus |
| Conditioned stimulus | In classical conditioning an originally neutral stimulus that, after association with an unconditioned stimulus, comes to trigger a conditioned response |
| Acquisition | In classical conditioning, the initial stage when one links a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus so that the neutral stimulus begins triggering the conditioned response |
| Higher-order conditioning | A procedure in which the conditioned stimulus in one conditioning experience is paired with a new neutral stimulus, creating a second conditioned stimulus |
| Extinction | The diminishing of a conditioned response |
| Spontaneous recovery | The reappearance after a pause of an extinguished conditioned response |
| Generalization | The tendency once a response has been conditioned for stimuli like the conditioned stimulus to elicit similar responses |
| Discrimination | In classical conditioning the learned ability to distiguish between conditioned stimulus and similar stimuli that do not signal an unconditioned stimulus |
| Examples of how Pavlov's principles influenced human health | Drug cravings, Food cravings, and Immune responses |
| Little Albert | He learned to fear a white rat after repeatedly experiencing a loud noise as the rat was presented |
Created by:
avaJwilliams
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