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5130 Week 11
Lutz Ch. 10
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| attributes | some aspect or property of an object, such as its size, shape, or color |
| attribute theory | the neurobehaviorist theory that concepts are learned by noticing the attributes which are common to all examples and which are not found in nonexamples. |
| concept learning | also called concept formation, this refers to any task in which objects must be grouped on the basis of similarities in their properties (attributes) |
| decay | the idea that a memory may weaken or disappear just as a result of the passage of time; not widely believed |
| differential encoding hypothesis | the ideas taht experiences repeated in different situations may be stored in slightly different ways, allowing for more different ways to remember them |
| distributed practice | experiences that are repeated with relatively long time intervals between repetitions; this almost always leads to better learning |
| incidental learning | an individual unintentionally learning additional aspects of situation beyond those requested |
| massed practice | repetition of an experience with no time interval between repetitions |
| negative transfer | when one piece of learning makes it more difficult to learn a second item |
| paired-associates learning | a memory task in which the subject must learn a different specific response to be givento each stimulus |
| positive transfer | the possibility that a piece of learning may make it easier to learn another task later |
| primary effect | the fact that the first three or so items on a list are learned more easily than items in the middle of the list |
| recency effect | the fact that the last several times on a list are learned and remembered better than items in the middle of the list |
| response competition | in verbal learning studies, the idea that several potential responses are available to the subject, who has difficulty choosing the correct one |
| proactive interference | the fact that previously learned material makes it more difficult to remember more recently learned material |
| retroactive interference | the fact that more recently learned material may make it harder to remember older material |
| serial anticipation | the memory procedure of learning a list in order, in which the learner must show her learning by responding with each item in advance of its presentation |
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