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exam 3
adolescent & adult development
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| People who are about the same age are known as what? | peers |
| People with whom you develop a valued, mutual relationship are known as what? | friends |
| _____________ support refers to providing someone with helpful advice, guidance, facts, or knowledge to aid them in solving a problem or making decisions. | informational |
| A doctor explaining treatment options to a patient offers _____________ support, helping the patient make an informed decision about their health. what kind of support would this be? | informational |
| ____________ support refers to providing tangible, practical help or services to someone in need. | instrumental |
| A friend driving you to a doctor's appointment or helping you move to a new house provides ____________ support by directly contributing to a solution or need. | instrumental |
| _____________ support refers to the emotional assistance provided through spending time with someone, offering a sense of belonging, connection, and social engagement. | companionship |
| Going to lunch with a friend who’s going through a tough time, providing company and emotional presence, offers _____________ support by helping them feel supported and valued. | companionship |
| ______ support involves offering encouragement, confidence, and positive reinforcement to help someone feel valued, competent, and appreciated. | esteem |
| Telling a friend that they are doing a great job at work and acknowledging their skills can provide ______ support by affirming their self-worth and making them feel more confident in their efforts. | esteem |
| Harry Stack Sullivan’s concept of _________ refers to the close, intimate friendships that children, particularly during preadolescence (around ages 9-12), form with peers. | chumships |
| _________ ___________ is the tendency for people, especially children and teens, to form friendships with those who are similar to them in key ways, such as having the same interests, values, or social characteristics. | selective association |
| A child may choose friends who like the same video games, which strengthens their connection and sense of belonging. this is an example of what? | selective association |
| _______ are small groups of friends who know each other well, do things together, and form a regular social group | cliques |
| ______ are larger, reputation-based groups of adolescents who are not necessarily friends and do not necessarily spend time together | crowds |
| a research method in which students rate the social status of other students is known as __________ | sociometry |
| In a classroom, _________ might reveal which students are most popular or isolated by having them select peers they prefer to work with, helping teachers understand social structures. | sociometry |
| there are two types of unpopularity. what are these two types? | rejected & neglected |
| your _____ is known as dress, hairstyle, tattoos, other aspects of appearance | image |
| your ________ is distinctive forms of gesture, gait, posture | demeanor |
| an _____ is certain vocabulary and way of speaking | argot |
| ______________ culture refers to a type of society in which social change occurs slowly, and younger generations learn primarily from their elders. | postfigurative |
| In many traditional societies, children are taught by elders to continue farming practices and religious rituals exactly as previous generations did. this is an example of ______________ culture | postfigurative |
| ____________ culture refers to a type of society in which both older and younger generations influence each other. | cofigurative |
| In modern urban environments, young people might teach older generations about new technology, while still learning traditional values from their elders. this is an example of ____________ culture | cofigurative |
| _____________ culture is a type of society where younger generations actively shape their culture and influence the values, norms, and practices that will be passed down. | prefigurative |
| In youth-led movements for social change, young people create new approaches to issues like climate change, which may differ significantly from traditional practices taught by older generations. this is an example of a _____________ culture | prefigurative |
| _____________ students, high in aggressiveness, may be strongly liked and strongly disliked by different people | controversial |
| ______ ______ are qualities most often associated with popularity and unpopularity | social skills |
| there are 6 reasons given for dating. which reason places emphasis on fun and enjoyment? | recreation |
| there are 6 reasons given for dating. which reason involves becoming more skilled at dating interactions? | learning |
| there are 6 reasons given for dating. which reason involves impressing others according to how often one dates and whom one dates? | status |
| there are 6 reasons given for dating. which reason involves sharing pleasurable activities with another person? | companionship |
| there are 6 reasons given for dating. which reason involves establishing a close emotional relationship with another person? | intimacy |
| there are 6 reasons given for dating. which reason involves seeking someone to have as a steady partner? | courtship |
| which gender tends to follow more proactive dating scripts? | males |
| initiating the date, deciding where to go, controlling the public domain (driving the car), and initiating sexual contact are all proactive dating scripts, often utilized by which gender? | males |
| which gender tends to follow more reactive dating scripts? | females |
| private domain (grooming & dress), responding to the male’s gestures in the public domain, and responding to his sexual initiatives are all reactive dating scripts, typically utilized by which gender? | females |
| __________ __________ is the process of seeking out others who share similar beliefs and values to confirm one's own views. | consensual validation |
| a group of friends who all advocate for social justice may regularly discuss their ideas and experiences, reinforcing each other’s perspectives and strengthening their bonds. this is an example of what? | consensual validation |
| emerging adult who break up show three similar characteristics. what are they? | lower levels of intimacy and love, less likely to be similar on characteristics, and less balanced |
| __________ __________ refers to the heightened self-consciousness and belief that others are as preoccupied with oneself as one is. | adolescent egocentrism |
| the highest ranking characteristic when choosing a marriage partner is what? | mutual attraction |
| the lowest ranking characteristic when choosing a marriage partner is what? | having a lot of money |
| how long is an adolescents average sexual relationship? | 6 months |
| oral sex often occurs _____ sexual intercourse | after |
| the ethnicity of adolescents who have intercourse in high school is highest for _______ _________ students and lowest for _____ students | african american; white |
| t/f: non-virgins have similar self-esteem to virgins | true |
| _____ americans considerably less likely to engage in sexual activity in adolescence | asian |
| Boys being expected to “make the moves” is an example of a ______ ______ | sexual script |
| girls setting the limits on how far the sexual episode is allowed to progress is an example of a ______ ______ | sexual script |
| regarding adolescent sexual activity, name some cultures that are permissive | denmark, sweden, netherlands |
| regarding adolescent sexual activity, name some cultures that are restrictive | japan, south korea, morocco |
| t/f: Adolescent sex activity is infrequent and unplanned | true |
| A sexually active young adult gets tested for _________ after experiencing mild discomfort during urination, as early detection can prevent complications. | chlamydia |
| which std is notorious for destroying an immune system? | HIV/AIDS |
| HIV/AIDS has a ____ latency period, at least _ years before AIDS appears | long; 5 |
| the _______ ______ refers to the time between when a person is infected and when symptoms appear or when the infection can be detected. | latency period |
| Someone infected with HIV may feel healthy for years before symptoms arise. this is an example of the _______ period | latency |
| ______ _______ is when a person experiences unwanted sexual contact due to verbal pressure, alcohol or drugs, or physical force. | sexual coercion |
| the optimum school size for adolescents is between ___-_____ students | 500-1,000 |
| what are some countries that perform the best in school? | Industrialized Western Countries; Japan, South Korea |
| what country has the lowest ranking performance in school of all industrialized countries? | united states |
| which countries have the lowest ranking performance? | Developing Countries in Africa, Latin America and Asia |
| ________ toward morningness and ___________ shift to eveningness | children; adolescents |
| the ______ _______ refers to the overall quality and character of school life, shaped by its values, relationships, and environment | school climate |
| A school where students feel safe, teachers provide encouragement, and bullying is addressed promptly would have a positive ______ _______ | school climate |
| __________ involves being psychologically committed to learning | engagement |
| regarding ethnic differences in school, _____ __________ have a strong emphasis on educational achievement, believe success is due to effort, and they are more likely to have academically oriented friends | asian americans |
| regarding ethnic differences in school, _______ _________ are more likely to live in poverty and believe they can succeed in career without academic achievement | african americans |
| the _________ _______ refers to the phenomenon where immigrants or children of immigrants tend to outperform or show better outcomes than would be expected given their socioeconomic disadvantages | immigrant paradox |
| young _____ are more likely to attend college and graduate | women |
| The ___ ____ ______ suggests that individuals feel more successful or confident when they perform well in a less competitive environment compared to a highly competitive one. | big fish effect |
| A student who excels at a small school may feel more accomplished than a student at a prestigious school where many others are also top performers. this is an example of the ___ ____ ______ | big fish effect |
| what percent of undergraduate students are female? | 58% |
| what percent of asian american students enter college? | 85% |
| what percentage of students who enter college are white? | 61% |
| what percentage of students who enter college are african american? | 61% |
| what percentage of students who enter college are latino? | 59% |
| __% of women enter college while __% of men enter college | 70; 55 |
| what percentage of people drop out of college? | 40% |
| _____ schools often offer diverse courses and extracurricular activities | large |
| _____ schools often have less diversity in offerings and the students more likely to participate in extracurricular activities | small |
Created by:
bellabarkley
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