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Respiration Vocab

TermDefinition
aerobic Requires oxygen. The Kreb’s cycle and electron transport chain both require oxygen.
Anaerobic Does not require oxygen. Glycolysis and fermentation do not require oxygen
Glycolysis The first stage of respiration that occurs in the cytoplasm of cells. This process uses 2 ATP to incompletely break down glucose into two pyruvate molecules. It produces a net of 2 ATP.
Pyruvate The three carbon molecule produced from the breakdown of glucose during glycolysis
Glucose The carbohydrate produced in photosynthesis that is broken down during cellular respiration
Oxygen The gas produced in photosynthesis that is used in aerobic cellular respiration to produce ATP.
Carbon Dioxide The gas produced as a waste product from cellular respiration that is used by plants during photosynthesis to produce glucose.
Water The substance produced when oxygen combines with hydrogen ions during the final stage of cellular respiration.
Kreb's Cycle (citric Acid Cylce) The cyclic reaction that is the second step of cellular respiration. Pyruvate molecule are broken down to produce high energy electron carriers (NADH and FADH2), some ATP and carbon dioxide
Electron Transport Chain The final stage of cellular respiration that pumps hydrogen ions across the inner mitochondrial membrane to form a concentration gradient that powers the ATP synthase enzyme to produce large amounts of ATP
ATP a high energy molecule produced during cellular respiration. Also known as the cell’s energy currency
Mitochondria Membrane bound organelle that produces chemical energy in the form of ATP - through the process of aerobic cellular respiration
Cellular Respiration The process of breaking down food (glucose) to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP
Fermentation The process that occurs in cells to break down glucose when there is NO oxygen available. In plants this produces carbon dioxide and ethyl alcohol. In animals it produces lactic acid and carbon dioxide.
NADH and FADH2 High energy electron carriers that transfer electrons captured from the breakdown of glucose during glycolysis and the Kreb’s cycle to the electron transport chain
Created by: KDThompson
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