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Chapter 6 & 23
Narcotic drugs and substance use disorders
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Codine | Most common opioid used in dentistry |
| Codine+Tylenol | Tylenol 3, provides greater pain relief |
| Cocaine | Abusers exhibit dilated pupils(mydriasis) |
| Morphine | First natural opiate used for acute or severe pain |
| Oxycodone | semi-synthetic opioid |
| Oxycodone + acetaminophen | Percocet |
| Oxycodone + aspirin | Percodan |
| Naloxone (Narcan) | An opioid antagonist and used to treat opioid overdose |
| Agonists | Refers to a substance that binds to and activates a receptor in the body |
| Mixed opioids | AKA mixed agonist-antagonist opioids. Refers to a class of opiods that have both agonistic (activating) and antagonistic (blocking) effects on opioid receptors in the nervous system. |
| Antagonists | Are substances that bind to receptors in the body but do not activate them. Instead, they block or inhibit the action of antagonists |
| Narcotics | Original name for opiod drugs. greek: "inducing stupor or sleep" |
| Opioid agonists | morphine, oxycodone, hydrocodone, codine, mathadone, Fentanyl |
| Opioid antagonists | naloxone |
| Mixed opioids | buprenorphine, tramadol |
| morphine (MS Contin, Kadian, Roxanol, Duramorph) classification | Opioid |
| morphine (MS Contin, Kadian, Roxanol, Duramorph) indication | Pain managment |
| oxycodone/acetaminophen (Percocet) classification | Opioid |
| oxycodone/acetaminophen (Percocet) indication | Pain management |
| hydrocodone/acetaminophen (Vicodin) classification | Opioid |
| hydrocodone/acetaminophen (Vicodin) indication | Pain managment |
| codeine (Codeine 15) classification | Opioid |
| codeine (Codeine 15) indication | Pain managment |
| methadone (Methadose) classification | Opioid |
| methadone (Methadose) indication | Treatment of opioid addicts |
| fentanyl (Duragesic, Actiq, Subsys, Sublimaze) Classification | Opioid |
| fentanyl (Duragesic, Actiq, Subsys, Sublimaze) indication | Pain managment |
| tramadol (Ultram, Conzip, Rybix) classification | Opioid |
| tramadol (Ultram, Conzip, Rybix) indication | Pain managment |
| buprenorphine (Buprenex) classification | Opioid |
| buprenorphine (Buprenex) indication | Pain managment |
| naloxone (Narcan) classification | Opioid antagonists |
| naloxone (Narcan) indication | Opioid overdose reversal |
| Abstinence syndrome | A constellation of physiologic changes undergone by people who have become physically dependent on a drug or chemical who are abruptly deprived of that substance. |
| Addiction | Addiction is a chronic, relapsing brain disease that is characterized by compulsive drug-seeking use despite complications or negative consequences |
| Substance use disorders | occur when the recurrent use of alcohol and/or drugs causes clinically and functionally significant impairment. |
| Enabling | The behavior of family or friends who associate with the addict that results in continued substance use disorder |
| Habituation | Physiologic tolerance to or psychological dependence on a drug |
| Misuse | Use of drug for a disease state in a way considered inapropriate |
| Physical/physiological dependence | The state in which the drug is necessary for the continued functioning of certain body process. |
| Phsycologic dependence | The state in which, following withdrawal of the drug, there are manifestations of emotional abnormalities and drug-seeking behavior. |
| Relapse | The return to drug use after an attempt to stop |
| Tolerance | With repeated dosing, the dose of a drug must be increased to obtain the same effect. |
| Withdrawal | The constellation of symptoms, as specified in the DSM-5, that occurs when a physically dependent person stops taking the drug. |
| Mixed opioid: CNS depressants | Ethyl alcohol |
| Opioid analgesic: agonists | Heroin, meperidine |
| Benzodiazepine: sedative-hypnotics | diazepam |
| CNS stimulants | Cocaine, methamphetamine, caffine,nicotine |
| Withdrawal drugs | Norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor, bupropion, nicotine receptor partial agonists, varenicline |
| Psychedelics(Hallucinogens) | Lysergic acid diethylamide(LSD), phencyclidine (PCP), acstacy, cannabis (Marijuana) |
| Ethyl alcohol classification | mixed opioid |
| Ethyl alcohol indication | Substacne abuse drug |
| Heroin classification | opioid agonist |
| Heroin indication | Substance abuse drug |
| meperidine(Demerol) classification | Opioid agonist |
| meperidine(Demerol) indication | Pain management |
| diazepam (Valium) classification | Benzodiazepine |
| diazepam (Valium) indication | Anxiety, muscle spasms, and seizures |
| Cocaine classification | CNS stimulants |
| Cocaine indication | Substance abuse drug (Anesthesia) |
| methamphetamine (Desoxyn) classification | CNS stimulants |
| methamphetamine (Desoxyn) indication | Substance abuse drug (ADHD) |
| Caffine (Stay awake) classification | CNS stimulants |
| Caffine (Stay awake) indication | Substance abuse drug |
| Nicotine (Nicroette, Nicoderm) classification | CNS stimulants |
| Nicotine (Nicroette, Nicoderm) indication | Substance abuse drug |
| bupropion (Wellbutrin SR) classification | NDRI |
| bupropion (Wellbutrin SR) indication | Withdrawal drugs: Smoking cessation/ Depression MDD & SAD/ ADHD |
| varenicline (Chantix) classification | Nicotine receptor partial agonists |
| varenicline (Chantix) indication | Withdrawal drugs: Smoking cessation |
| Lysergic acid diethylamide( LSD) classification | Psychedelics (Hallucinogens) |
| Lysergic acid diethylamide( LSD) indication | Substance abuse drugs |
| Phencyclidine (PCP) classification | Psychedelics (Hallucinogens) |
| Phencyclidine (PCP) indication | Substance abuse drugs |
| Ecstasy classification | Psychedelics (Hallucinogens) |
| Ecstasy indication | Substance abuse drugs |
| Cannabis (Marijuana) classification | Psychedelics (Hallucinogens) |
| Cannabis (Marijuana) | Substance abuse drugs |
Created by:
C.delaRocha
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