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Unit 1B

Properties of EM Waves

TermDefinition
crest or peak highest part of the wave
trough lowest part of the wave
amplitude distance from the midline to either the highest or lowest point
wavelength length of the wave from one crest to the next (or one trough to the next)
frequency the number of waves that are passing a fixed point in a certain time
longitudinal waves waves in which the vibration of the medium is parallel to the direction the wave travels
transverse waves waves that oscillate perpendicular to the direction the wave travels
electromagnetic waves waves that are created as a result of vibrations between an electric field and a magnetic field
absorption a physical process in which one substance (paper towel) takes in an amount of another substance (spilled water)
reflection a change in the direction of a wave when it hits a barrier and bounces off
refraction a change in the direction and speed of a wave that occurs when a seismic or EM wave travels from one material to another (which has a different density)
wave The repeating and periodic disturbance that travels through a medium (e.g. water) from one location to another location.
emit to send out, like how the sun sends out light and heat
radio waves EM waves with longest wavelength, used for long-distance communication
microwaves EM waves with the second longest wavelength, used for Wi-fi
Infrared EM waves with wavelength just slightly longer than visible light, used for TV remotes and heat-vision goggles
visible light EM waves that can be seen with the human eye
ultraviolet EM waves that have shorter wavelength than visible light, used to kill germs, also gives us sunburns
X-rays EM waves that have very short wavelength and very high energy, they go right through soft tissue, but they are stopped by bones and teeth
gamma rays EM waves with the shortest wavelength and highest energy, they are used to kill cancer cells in radiation therapy
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