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Psych 150 Chapter 1
intro
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Life span | oldest documented 120 years |
| Life expectancy | expected years a person is expected to live, 77 years in the US |
| Development is lifelong | Early adulthood is not the endpoint of development No age period dominates development |
| Development is multidimensional | Consists of biological cognitive and socioeconomic dimensions |
| Development is multidirectional | Some dimensions expand and others shrink |
| Development is plastic | Ability to change |
| Development is disciplinary | Involves different areas of medical studies Involves growth, maintenance , and regulation of loss,’ Co construction of biology, culture, and the individual |
| Development is contextual | Setting is influenced by historical, economic social and cultural factors and development happens within each setting |
| Normative age graded influences | Factors that are similar for individuals in a particular age group |
| Normative history graded influences | Have common generational experiences due to historical events |
| Non normative life events | Unusual events that have a major impact on an individuals life |
| Prenatal period | Conception to birth |
| Infancy | Birth to 18-24 months |
| Early childhood | 3-5 years |
| Middle and late childhood | 6-10/11 years |
| Adolescence | 10-12 to 18-21 years |
| Early adulthood | 20s and 30s |
| Middle adulthood | 40s and 50s |
| Late adulthood | 60s -70s to death |
| Age and happiness | Adults tend to be happier as they age |
| Chronological age | Number of years that have elapsed since birth |
| Biological age | A persons age in terms of biological health How old your cells are |
| Psychological age | An individuals adaptive capacities compared with those of other individuals of the same chronological age |
| Social age | Social roles and expectations related to a persons age |
| Normal aging | most individuals in which their psychological functioning often peaks in early middle age, remains relatively stable until the late fifties to early sixties, and then shows a modest decline through the early eighties. |
| Pathological aging | Individuals who show greater than average declines as they age through the adult years |
| Successful aging | individuals whose positive physical, cognitive, and socioemotional development is maintained longer, declining later in old age than is the case for most people |
| Laboratory | A controlled setting where many of the complex factors of the ‘real world”n are absent |
| Naturalistic observation | Observing behavior in real-world settings |
| Survey | a standard set of clear and unbiased questions used to obtain people’s reported attitudes or beliefs about a particular topic; sometimes referred to as a questionnaire. |
| Interview | Individuals are directly asked to self-report |
| Standardized test | A test administered and scored utilizing uniform procedures to compare performance across individuals |
| Case study | A in depth look at a single individual |
| Physiological measures | Measuring hormones, fMRI, EEG, heart rate, eye tracking, gene testing, etc. |
| Descriptive research | A research method designed to observe and record behavior |
| Correlational research | Attempts to determine the strength of the relationship between two or more events or characteristics |
| Experimental research | Designed to study causality |
| Cross sectional approach | Individuals of different ages are compared at the same time |
| Longitudinal approach | Same individuals are studied over a period of time, usually several years or more |
| Cohort effects | Characteristics determined by a persons time of birth, era, or generation but not to actual age |
| Ethnic gloss | Superficial use of an ethnic group as being more homogeneous than it really is |
Created by:
Nanyelynunez
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