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571 Measurement
Fluency Based Instruction Project EDSPE 571
| Definition | Term |
|---|---|
| Defines a set of responses based on their common effects on the environment | function-based definition |
| Defines a set of responses based on the shape of the behavior | topography-based definition |
| Three characteristics of a good target behavior | objective, clear, complete |
| Referring only to observable characteristics | objective |
| Readable and unambiguous | clear |
| Delineating the boundaries | complete |
| Applying quantitative labels to natural events | measurement |
| Instances of behavior can occur again and again throughout time | repeatability |
| Instances of behavior occur for some amount of time | temporal extent |
| Instances of behavior occur at a point in time | temporal locus |
| Three dimensional qualities | repeatability, temporal extent, temporal locus |
| A tally of the number of instances of behavior | count |
| Count is a measure based on... | repeatability |
| The number of responses per unit of time | rate |
| Rate is a measure based on... | repeatability |
| A measure of how rate changes over time | celeration |
| Celeration is a measure based on... | repeatability |
| The amount of time from the onset to the end of a behavior | duration |
| Duration is a measure based on... | temporal extent |
| The time between a stimulus and a response | latency |
| Latency is a measure based on... | temporal locus |
| The time between two behaviors | interresponse time |
| Interresponse time is a measure based on... | temporal locus |
| A ratio of two of the same dimensional quantities | percentage |
| The number of responses needed to achieve a goal | trials-to-criterion |
| The physical form or shape of the behavior | topography |
| The force or intensity of a behavior | magnitude |
| A procedure for counting the number of times a behavior occurs | event recording |
| Observing and recording data during specific intervals or moments | time sampling |
| Recording a behavior if it occurs throughout an entire interval | whole-interval recording |
| Recording a behavior if it occurs at all during an interval | partial-interval recording |
| Recording a behavior if it occurs at the moment an interval ends | momentary time sampling |
| Using a head count to measure group behavior | planned activity check |
| Something that appears to exist because of how it's measured | artifact |
| Measurement of behavior based on its effect on the environment | measurement by permanent product |
| Event recording and timing are forms of --- measurement | continuous |
| Time sampling is a form of --- measurement | discontinuous |
| Whether data is relevant to the to the target behavior and reason for measuring it | validity |
| Whether the data matches the "true values" | accuracy |
| Whether repeated measurement results in the same value | reliability |
| An error in measurement that's likely to be in one direction | measurement bias |
| Measuring something that "stands in for" the behavior of interest | indirect measurement |
| Measuring the actual behavior of interest | direct measurement |
| Measurement that detects all instances of the behavior | continuous measurement |
| Measurement that may not detect every instance of behavior | discontinuous measurement |
| Changes over time in how data is collected | observer drift |
| Measurement error due to awareness that one is being evaluated | observer reactivity |
| Measurement accepted as truth | true value |
| The degree to which independent observers report the same values | interobserver agreement (IOA) |
| Smaller total / larger total x 100 | frequency ratio |
| Agreements / agreements + disagreements x 100 | point-by-point agreement ratio |
| Visual display of data | graph |
| Graph showing data relationships on a two-dimensional plane where points represent values along intersecting axes | line graph |
| Graph displays data using rectangular bars where the length of each bar represents the value of a variable along one axis | bar graph |
| Graph shows the running total of responses over time, with each data point adding to the previous total | cumulative record |
| Graph that uses a multiply/divide scale where intervals increase or decrease by consistent factors | ratio graph |
| Graph that uses a scale where intervals increase or decrease by equal amounts | equal-interval graph |
| A standardized ratio graph used in Precision Teaching | Standard Celeration Chart |
| Behavior to increase on a Standard Celeration Chart | acceleration target |
| Behavior to decrease on a Standard Celeration Chart | deceleration target |
| Horizontal line showing the amount of recording time on a Standard Celeration Chart | time bar (timing bar) |
| In research, the target behavior | dependent variable |
| In research, the environmental condition or intervention | independent variable |
| In research, the phase of the intervention or study | condition |
| On a graph, vertical line on the left of a line graph | vertical axis or Y-axis |
| On a graph, description of what the axis represents | axis label |
| On a graph, Vertical line showing change in the independent variable | condition (phase) change line |
| On a graph, a description of the current independent variable or intervention | condition (phase) label |
| On a graph, data points connected by straight lines | data path |
| On a graph, a description of the dependent and independent variable | figure caption |
| Graph where points are plotted on a grid to show how two variables are related | scatterplot |
| Interpreting the results of behavioral interventions by looking at graphed data | visual analysis |
| Three characteristics of data analyzed | trend, level, & variability |
| The amount that measures yield different outcomes (bounce) | variability |
| The overall direction of a data path | trend |
| The value of data points on the vertical axis | level |
| Another name for trend | slope |
| When data path is going up from left to right | increasing |
| When data path is going down from left to right | decreasing |
| When data is path is going straight across from left to right | zero trend or flat |
| Period in which data is collected without a particular intervention | baseline |