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Cology Mod 14
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Antibiotic (antibacterial) | Medications used to treat bacterial infections by killing bacteria or inhibiting their growth |
| Antibiotic-resistant | The ability of bacteria to survive and grow in the presence of antibiotics that were once effective against them |
| Antifungal | Medications used to treat fungal infections |
| Antimicrobial | A broad term for any agent that kills microorganisms or inhibits their growth, including antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals, and antiparasitics |
| Antiviral | Medications used to treat viral infections by inhibiting the development of the virus |
| Bactericidal | Drugs that kill bacteria |
| Bacteriostatic | Drugs that prevent bacteria from growing or reproducing, without necessarily killing them |
| Broad-spectrum antimicrobials | Medications that target a wide range of bacterial pathogens, both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria |
| Culture and sensitivity tests | Laboratory tests used to identify the organism causing an infection and to determine which antimicrobial drugs will be most effective |
| Drug resistance | The reduction in effectiveness of a drug in curing a disease or condition, commonly seen in bacteria that no longer respond to antibiotics |
| Gram-negative bacteria | Bacteria that do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiation |
| Gram-positive bacteria | Bacteria that retain the crystal violet stain in the Gram staining method, appearing purple under a microscope |
| Gram stain test | A laboratory technique used to differentiate bacterial species into gram-positive and gram-negative based on their cell wall structure |
| Narrow-spectrum antimicrobials | Medications that are effective against specific types of bacteria, usually either gram-positive or gram-negative |
| Pathogen | A microorganism that causes disease |
| Prophylactic antibiotics | Antibiotics that are administered to prevent an infection, particularly before surgery or in cases of high infection risk |
| Red-Man Syndrome | A reaction to the rapid infusion of vancomycin, characterized by flushing, rash, and itching, especially on the upper body |
| Superinfections | Secondary infections that occur as a result of the overuse of broad-spectrum antibiotics, which disrupt the balance of normal flora |
| Susceptibility | The likelihood of a microorganism, such as bacteria, being inhibited or killed by an antibiotic or antimicrobial drug |
| Tetracyclines | A class of antibiotics effective against a broad range of bacteria, commonly used to treat infections like acne and respiratory tract infections |
| Vancomycin | An antibiotic used to treat serious bacterial infections, particularly those caused by gram-positive bacteria that are resistant to other antibiotics |
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wmtc101
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