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Chapter 1

TermDefinition
Drug Chemicals that act on living systems at the molecular level.
Pharmacology The study of drugs and their effects on living organisms.
Pharmacodynamics The study of the action of drugs on living organisms.
Pharmacokinetics The study of what the body does to the drug, the measurment of the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of the drug from the body.
Brand (trade) name The manufacturer's name, written with the first letter capitalized.
Generic name Name for the chemical makeup of a drug, writtten in lowercase, first letter NOT capitalized.
Contraindications Medical or physical conditions that make the drug inadvisable.
Synergism Getting more than the desired effects when taking two drugs.
Tolerance Decreased effect of a drug over time with the patient needing larger doses to achieve the same effect.
Toxicology The study of the harmful effects of drugs on living tissue.
Theraputic effect Desired effect of a drug.
Efficacy The maximum intensity of effect or response that can be produced by a drug.
Chemically equivalent When two formulations of a drug meet the chemical and physical standards.
Biologically equivalent When two formulations of a drug produce similar concentrations of the drug in the blood and tissues
Therapeutically equivalent When two formulations of a drug prove to have equal theraputic side effects.
Orphan drugs Drugs developed to specifiically treat rare medical conditions.
qd Once a day(quaque die)
bid Twice a day(bis in die)
tid Three times a day(ter in die)
qid Four times a day(quarter in die)
pc After meals(post cebum)
ac Before meals(ante cebum)
po By mouth(per os)
prn As needed(pro re nata)
hs At bedtime(hora somni)
Therapeutic classification is... What is affected by the drug.
Pharmacological classification is... A broader classification based on the general therapeutic effects.
The mechanism of action of the drug is... A specific thing the drug does on the molecular level.
Schedule 1 drugs have a... Highest abuse potential
Schedule 2 drugs have a... High abuse potential
Schedule 3 drugs have a... Moderate abuse potential
Schedule 4 drugs have a... less abuse potential
Schedule 5 drugs have the... least abuse potential
Schedule 2-4 drugs require... A prescription
Schedule 2 drugs must be... Written in ink or typed.
Schedule 2 drugs cannot be... Telephoned in to the pharmacist -or- refilled
Schedule 3 & 4 drugs can be both... Telephoned into the pharmacist -and- Refilled (No more than 5x in 6 months)
Preclinical testing is... to determine if a drug is worth testing. (animal testing) Usually lasts 3 years.
Phase 1 testing is... Small and then increasing doses given to a limited number of healthy human volenteers.
The goal of phase 1 testing is... To determine biological effects, metabolism, safe dose range in humans, and toxic effects of the drug.
Phase 2 testing is... Larger groups of humans are given the drug.
The goal of phase 2 testing is... To test drug effectiveness.
Phase 3 testing is... A large number of patients who have the condition for which the drug is indicated.
The goal of phase 3 testing is... Safety, efficiacy, and to determine proper dosage.
Phase 4 testing is... Post marketing surveillence.
The goal of phase 4 testing is... To monitor the toxicity of the drug after it is released.
Created by: C.delaRocha
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