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exam 1
lifespan development
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| who is known as the father of developmental psychology? | jean piaget |
| the ___ _____ are socially defined age groups | age grade |
| ___ _____ are behavioral expectations according to age | age norms |
| the _____ _____ determines when in lifespan things should be done | social clock |
| the biological unfolding of individual genetic plan is known as? | maturation |
| one key assumption of life-span perspective is that it's a lifelong process and _______________ | multidirectional |
| one key assumption of life-span perspective is that it always involves both _____ and ____ | gains; loss |
| one key assumption of life-span perspective is that it's characterized by lifelong __________ | plasticity |
| one key assumption of life-span perspective is that it's shaped by its __________ context | historical |
| one key assumption of life-span perspective is that it's multiply __________ | influenced |
| one key assumption of life-span perspective is that understanding development requires _______ disciplines | multiple |
| who created child questionairres? | stanley hall |
| who created baby biographies? | charles darwin |
| the study of how people grow and change throughout their lives, from conception to death is known as ________ ___________ | lifespan development |
| the three issues in human development are nature vs _______, continuity vs _____________, and stability vs ______ | nurture; discontinuity; change |
| which theory states five stages of human development: oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital. | freud's psychosexual |
| which theory suggests that people go through eight stages, each characterized by a specific challenge | erikson's psychosocial |
| ______________ is understanding based on experience | constructivism |
| which theory is a framework that explains how children's thinking and understanding of the world develop in stages as they grow | piaget's lifespan development |
| vygotsky's sociocultural theory says cognitive development is a _____ and ________ process. it also says that problem solving is aided by _________ | social; cultural; dialogues |
| an unconditioned stimulus is a built-in, _________ stimulus | unlearned |
| an unconditioned response is an _________, unlearned stimulus | automatic |
| a conditioned stimulus is a stimulus which causes a _______ response | learned |
| a conditioned response causes a _______ response | learned |
| according to skinner, reinforcement _________ probability | increases |
| according to skinner, punishment _________ probability | decreases |
| when a person learns by observing someone else being rewarded for a behavior, this is known as ________ _____________ | vicarious reinforcement |
| the concept that a person's behavior, their environment, and their personal factors all influence each other is known as what? | reciprocal determinism |
| in bronfenbrenner’s systems approach, a ___________ is your immediate environment | microsystem |
| according to bronfenbrenner’s systems approach, linkages between microsystems are known as __________ | mesosystem |
| according to bronfenbrenner, indirectly experiences linkages are are known as an _________ | exosystem |
| according to bronfenbrenner, the ___________ is the culture of systems | macrosystem |
| according to bronfenbrenner, the ____________ refers to change over time | chronosystem |
| down syndrome is related to the ___ of both parents | age |
| in turner's syndrome, there is a single _ chromosome | x |
| what is the chromosomal makeup in klinefelter's syndrome? | XXY |
| __________ affects the X chromosome. it results in the inability for blood to clot | hemophilia |
| with huntington's disease, there is a single ________ gene | dominant |
| the intelligence heritability estimates are __% in childhood, while __% in adulthood | 50; 80 |
| schizophrenia concordance rates are __% in identical twins, while __% in fraternal twins | 48; 17 |
| what are the 3 gene-environment correlations? | passive, active, evocative |
| ___________ is the study of how the experiences of previous generations can affect who we are | epigenetics |
| what are some examples of teratogens? | alcohol, AIDS, rubella, opioids, cocaine, tobacco, diabeties, syphillis, etc. |
| what is known as the period of time when part of body is developing the most quickly | critical period |
| what are some possible hazards in the perinatal environment? | anoxia, complicated delivery, & medications |
| ______________ is the process by which neurons in the brain form new synapses, or connections, with other neurons | synaptogenesis |
| ______________ refers to the tendency for certain cognitive functions to be more dominant in one hemisphere of the brain than the other | lateralization |
| blinking, breathing, pupillary, sucking, rooting, and swallowing are all examples of ________ reflexes | survival |
| babinski, grasping, moro, swimming, and stepping are all examples of _________ reflexes | primitive |
| _____-_____ perception is the ability to process information from multiple senses and connect them | cross-modal |
| the visual acuity for an infant is how many inches? | 8 |
| as we grow, our pupils get _______ and less __________ | smaller; responsive |
| as we age, our lens gets ______ | denser |
| as we age, our retina becomes less _________ | efficient |
| increased fluid pressure in the eye is known as what condition? | glaucoma |
| one of the changes in attention from childhood to adolescence is that our attention span becomes ______ | longer |
| one of the changes in attention from childhood to adolescence is that we are more _________ in attention | selective |
| one of the changes in attention from childhood to adolescence is that teens use more ________ attention strategies | systematic |
| can babies hear before birth? | yes |
| an infant has the ability to ________ sounds | localize |
| at what age can infants discriminate phonemes? | 2 months |
| an example of depth perception is the visual _____ experiment | cliff |
| can infants detect c change in brightness? | yes |
| infants prefer _______ patterns | complex |
| infants are attracted to ________ and often look at what they see ____ | movement; well |
Created by:
bellabarkley
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