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Bushong Ch37-40 Voca
Vocabulary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| HEALTH PHYSICS | The scientific discipline of radiation protection |
| TVL | Tenth value layer. That thickness of material that will reduce radiation intensity to one tenth its unattenuated value |
| NCRP | National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurement |
| EFFECTIVE DOSE | Concept that attempts to specify the overall risk of harm to an organism by accounting for two variables with the use of appropriate weighting factors |
| ALARA | As low as reasonably achievable |
| TISSUE WEIGHTING FACTOR (WR) | A numerical index of the relative radiosensitivity of various tissues |
| FIRST RESPONDER | Early people on the scene of a radiologic terrorism event who must make the first decisions |
| CLARENCE DALLY | Considered the first x-ray fatality. An assistant to Thomas Edison |
| MANHATTAN PROJECT | The name of the World War II project to develop the atomic bomb |
| LNT | Linear nonthreshold dose-response relationship |
| TLD | Thermoluminescent dosimeter |
| USE FACTOR | The percentage of time during which the x-ray tube is on and directed toward a particular wall |
| DIAGNOSTIC PROTECTIVE X-RAY TUBE HOUSING | Protective shielding in the x-ray tube housing designed to reduce leakage radiation to less than 100 mR/hr at 1 m |
| GLOW CURVE | The response of a TLD as a function of temperature, displayed graphically |
| PRIMARY PROTECTIVE BARRIER | Barrier designed to shield against primary radiation. The image-intensifier assembly serves as a primary protective barrier. Secondary protective barriers are designed to shield areas from secondary radiation which are less thick. |
| X-RAY LINEARITY | Radiation intensity is proportional to the mA station selected. |
| SECONDARY RADIATION | Leakage radiation; scatter radiation |
| OCCUPANCY FACTOR | Relative time that a protected area is occupied |
| GEIGER-MULLER REGION | The voltage plateau over which the Geiger counter detector operates |
| RESOLVING TIME | Applies to Geiger counter and scintillation detector. The minimum time between two interactions allowing both interactions to be detected. |
| FETAL DL | 500 mrem/9 months (5 mSv/9 mo); 50 mrem/mo (0.5 mSv/mo) when declared |
| MAJOR ORGANOGENESIS | The period during pregnancy when the organ systems of the fetus are developing. Approximately weeks 2–8 of pregnancy |
| ELECTIVE BOOKING | Program of scheduling x-ray examinations of the abdomen and pelvis when pregnancy is unlikely |
| GSD | Genetically Significant Dose |
| PENUMBRA | A geometric tail on either side of a collimated x-ray beam |
| SHADOW SHIELDING | Lead or other shielding material attached to the radiographic tubehead to shield the gonads |
| ESE | Entrance Skin Exposure |
| CT BEAM WIDTH | The size of the cone beam in multislice CT, rather than the slice thickness which is determined by detector size |
| MMD | Mean Marrow Dose |
| NCRP | National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements |
| EXTREMITY MONITOR | A ring or wrist badge |
| PERSONNEL MONITOR | A radiation dosimeter designed to measure the intensity of occupational radiation exposure (e.g. film badge, TLD, OSL) |
| UNITS OF X-RADIATION OUTPUT INTENSITY | mR or mR/mA or mR/mAs |
| EXTREMITY DL | 50 rem/yr (500 mSv/yr) |
| EFFECTIVE DOSE | The whole body equivalent dose of a partial body exposure that will produce the same response |
| THRESHOLD DOSE | Dose below which a person has a negative chance of sustaining specific biologic damage, or dose at which response to increasing x-ray intensity first occurs. |
| OSL | Optically Stimulated Luminescence |
Created by:
radtechstudent
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