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Urinary System Rev.

Test review for the urinary system

QuestionAnswer
Acidification The conversion to an acidic environment.
Acidosis The increase of acid content of the blood resulting from the accumulation of alkali or reduction of acid content; the pH of the blood is raised.
Diuretic An agent that increases urine output and dieresis.
Edema A local or generalized condition in which body tissues retain an excessive amount of tissue fluid.
Pyelonephritis Inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis
Urolithiasis Kidney stones
Alkalosis Too many hydroxide ions
Nephrons Do all work of separations in kidneys
Cystitis Inflammation of the bladder
Hyperkalemia Excessive increase in potassium in the blood
Hypokalemia Excessive decrease in potassium in the blood
Cystine TREATMENT = penicillamine and potassium citrate
Uric Acid TREATMENT = potassium citrate and diet change
Struvite TREATMENT = anitmicrobials and surgery
Calcium Phosphate TREAT = hyperparathyroidism and alkaline urine
Calcium oxalate TREATMENT = increase water intake and decrease oxalate
Thiazides + thiazide like agents Increase urine excretion of sodium and chloride ions.
Loop Diuretics Inhibit reabsorption of sodium and chloride in proximal + distal convoluted tubule and loop of henle.
Potassium Sparing Diuretics Inhibit sodium reabsorption and decrease potassium loss in urine.
Tubular Secretion 1. Ions, toxins, and water are secreted into collecting ducts.2. Secretion and elimination of weak acids (aspirin) and weak bases (antihistamines) occur.*THIS ALL TAKES PLACE IN THE NEPHRON*
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