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Myelography

QuestionAnswer
Purpose - Study of spinal cord and nerve roots - Shape and contour of the spinal cord is assessed to detect pathologies (usually in the cervical or lumbar spine)
Central Nervous System divisions? - Brain - Spinal cord
Spinal cord length? Extends from medulla oblongata to conus medullaris (L1-L2)
Number of spinal nerves 31 pairs
Conus Medullaris (definition) Distal tapered end of the spinal cord at the lower level of L1
Subarachnoid Space (definition) Contains cerebrospinal fluid and surrounds the spinal cord and brain (it extends down to second sacral segment)
Cauda Equina Spinal nerves that extend inferiorly from termination of the spinal cord (L1-L2)
Common lumbar puncture site Between L3-L4
What are the meninges? 3 protective layers that enclose the brain and spinal cord
Names of the meninge layers (outer to inner) - Dura Mater (has inner and outer layer) - Arachnoid Mater - Pia Mater
Epidural Space Location Space between Dura Mater and Vertebral Column
Subdural Space Location Potential space between Arachnoid Mater and Dura Mater
Subarachnoid Space Location - Space between the arachnoid Mater and the Pia Mater - This space contains the cerebrospinal fluid
Clinical Indications - Lesions - Pain and numbness in upper and lower extremities - Herniated Nucleus Pulposus (HNP or "Slipped Disc") - Possible bone fragments (Trauma)
Contraindications? - Blood in cerebrospinal fluid - Arachnoiditis - Increased cranial pressure - Recent lumbar puncture (within 2 weeks)
Usual Contrast Dosage? 9-15 mL
Patient Position? Hyper extend chin with patient prone to prevent contrast from flowing into cranial region (which would cause severe headaches)
Common Needle Injection Sites? - L3-L4 - C1-C2
Created by: user-1840854
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