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ADHD
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder | Most common neuropsychiatric condition of childhood inattention hyperactivity impulsivity Functional impairment can be significant |
| Etiology (Biological) | Genetic factors BDNF Dopaminergic |
| Risk Factors (Environmental) | nutrition during pregnancy substance use during pregnancy premature birth, LBW birth complications heavy metal exposure maternal infection during pregnancy |
| ADHD and the Brain | impaired frontal lobe functioning -Frontal Cortex -Basal ganglia Cerebellum |
| Monoamines and ADHD | Norepinephrine - strengthen attention to stimuli, arousal, mood Dopamine - strengthen attention to stimuli, decrease noise/reduce or attention to unnecessary stimuli, impulsivity/risk taking |
| DSM-5 Dx w/ specificity | Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Predominately inattentive Predominately Hyperactive/Impulsive Combined Severity - mild, moderate, severe |
| DSM-5 Criteria | Persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity interfering with functioning or development characterized by attention and/or hyperactivity/impulsivity with symptoms present prior to age 12, in two or more settings, reducing functioning |
| Assessment of ADHD | Self-report Collateral/corroboration Evidence of chronicity Define impairment Evidence based scales Rule out other causes |
| Rule out other causes | intellectual impairment learning disorders other disorders that present similarly |
| Screening and Assessment Tools | Connor's Vanderbilt Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Scale (SNAP) Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale |
| ADHD Treatment | Medication management Supplements Diet Modification Psychosocial Neurofeedback |
| Medications | Stimulants Atomoxetine Alpha 2 Agonists |
| Supplements | Ginseng Omega 3/Omega 6 Minerals - Zinc, Iron, Magnesium |
| Diet Modification | Additives - artificial colors/flavors, preservatives Dairy Sugar Processed foods in general |
| Psychosocial | Behavior Classroom Interventions Parent Training in Behavior Management Art Therapy School Supports - 504 Plans, IEPs |
| Neurofeedback | Electroencephalography (EEG) Visual or audio feedback results - mixed, some evidence shows sustained improvment |
Created by:
akimball80
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