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Thoracic/lumbar

CT/MR Thoracic/Lumbar

QuestionAnswer
What is the function of the vertebral column? helps to maintain posture; protects the spinal cord and nerves
How many thoracic vertebrae does a typical person have? 12
How many lumbar vertebrae doe a typical person have? 5
What are normal variants of the number of lumbar vertebrae? 4 or 6
How many sacral vertebrae doe a typical person have? 5 fused
How many coccygeal vertebrae doe a typical person have? 3-5
What is the inherent curvature of the lumbar spine? Lordotic
What is the inherent curvature of the thoracic spine? kyphotic
What is the inherent curvature of the sacral spine? kyphotic
What are the two main parts of the thoracic or lumbar vertebrae the vertebral body and the vertebral arch
What is the largest and heaviest portion of the lumbar vertebrae? the vertebral body
What are the 11 components of the vertebral arch? 2 pedicles; 2 laminae;1 spinous process;2 transverse processes; 2 inferior articular process; 2 superior articular process
What is the name of the opening created by the vertebral body and arch? Vertebral foramen
What is the name for the succession of the vertebral foramen in the spinal column? The vertebral canal
What structure forms the lateral walls of the vertebral foramen? pedicles
The superior and inferior articular concave surfaces of successive pedicles in the spine form what spinal opening? the intervertebral foramina
What structures are found in the vertebral foramina? spinal nerves and vessels
What structure is found within the vertebral foramen? the spinal cord
What forms the posteriolateral walls of the vertebral foramen? Lamina
What vertebral arch structure comes together to form the spinous process? lamina
What is the pathological condition where the lamina fail to unite posteriorly? spina bifida
What is the function of the spinous process? site of muscle attachment for the back
What is the unique identifier of the thoracic spinous process? they are long and slender and project inferiorly over the vertebral arches of the vertebrae below.
What is the unique identifier of the lumbar spinous process? they are shorter and wider; they are more horizontal in presentation
What structure is formed from the union of a superior articular process of one vertebrae and the inferior articular process of another vertebrae above it? zygapophyseal joint
What ligament helps to prevent hyperextension of the vertebral column? anterior longitudinal ligament
What ligament helps to prevent hyperflexion of the vertebral column? posterior longitudinal ligament
What ligament helps to preserve the normal curvature of the spine? ligamentum flava
What vertebral arch structure does the ligamentum flava join together? the lamina of adjacent vertebra
What is the function of the zygapophyseal joint? to support and allow movement of the vertebral column
What is the name of the region located between the facet joints of the vertebrae? pars interarticularis
What is the name of the pathology where there is a forward slipping of a vertebrae over the one beneath it? spondylothesis
What are the shock absorbing cartilaginous structures in the cervical spine called? intervertebral disc
What is the name for the concentric rings of fibrous tissues that forms the outside of the intervertebral disc? annulus fibrosis
What is the name for the soft, semigelatinous material in the center of the intervertebral disc? nucleus pulposus
What is the name of the condition where the soft center area of the intervertebral disc ruptures through the fibrous rings? herniated nucleus pulposus
What set of nerve roots carry sensory signals? posterior (dorsal) nerve roots
What set of nerve roots carry motor signals? anterior (ventral) nerve roots
What is a graphical display of spinal nerve cutaneous sensations? dermatome map
What is an intersecting network of nerves called? nerve plexus
What structure located on the thoracic vertebral body and transverse process for articulation with ribs? costal facets
What is the costovertebral joint? where the head of the rib and the vertebral body articulate
What is the costotransverse joint? where the tubercle of the rib and the transverse process articulate
Which is the largest of the lumbar vertebrae? the 5th lumbar vertebrae
Which is the most commonly ruptured disc of the lumbar vertebrae? L5-S1
Where do sacral nerves and vessels pass through in the sacrum? Sacral foramina
What is the most inferior portion of the vertebral column? coccyx
What is the name for the end of the spinal cord? conus medullaris
What is the name for the nerve roots that continue after the spinal cord has terminated? cauda equina
What is the typical location of the termination of the spinal cord? T12-L1
What is the function of the brachial plexus? C5-T1
What are some of the largest nerve n the brachial plexus? axial, median, and ulnar nerves
What is the function of the brachial plexus? provide innervation for the muscles of the upper extremities and shoulders
What nerves comprise the lumbar nerve plexus? T12- L1-L4
What is the function of the lumbar plexus? innervates the lower abdominal, pelvis region and thighs
What is the largest of the lumbar plexus nerves? femoral nerve
What is the function of the sacral plexus? L4-L5 to S1-S4
What is the function of the sacral plexus? to innervate the buttocks, posterior thighs and feet
What is the largest of the sacral plexus nerves? sciatic nerve
What is the name of the pathology where the spinal disc is coming out of its normal space but the posterior longitudinal ligament is intact? disc protrusion or bulge
What is the name of the pathology where the nucleolus pulpous squeezes out of its space through a torn annulus fibrosis? disc extrusion or herniation
What is the name of the pathology where the nucleus pulposus separates from the disc into the spinal canal? disc sequestration
What is the name of the pathology where the intervertebral disc loses hydration? disc desiccation
Created by: jacook3
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