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Psych 101 Chapter 1
Defining psychological approaches, history, and psychology careers.
| Chapter 1 Questions | Chapter 1 Answers |
|---|---|
| What is Psychology? | The scientific study or behavior and mental processes. |
| What comprises Psychology? | Psychology is comprised of critical thinking, skepticism, objectivity, and curiosity. |
| What is Structuralism? | Founded by Wilhelm Wundt, Structuralism is the interpretation of the perception of the world through our senses, and understanding our environment. (structures of the mind) |
| What is Functionalism? | Founded by William James, Functionalism the theory that all aspects of a society serve a function and are necessary for the survival of that society. (why we think the way we do) |
| What is Natural Selection? | In relation to Charles Darwin, the process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring. |
| What is the Biological Approach? | Focuses on neuroscience, genetics, biochemistry, and the nervous system. |
| What is the Behavioral Approach? | Observes behavior, rejects explanations referencing thoughts. *Notable behavioralists: Ivan Pavlov, John Watson, B.F Skinner. |
| What is the Psychodynamic Approach? | Psychoanalysis conflicts between biological drives and the demands of society. Involves unconscious thought, and Sigmund Freud's Iceberg Model. |
| What is the Humanistic Approach? | Focuses on positive human qualities and potential, free will. *Notable humanistic theorists: Carl Rogers, Abraham Maslow |
| What is the Cognitive Approach? | Focuses on the mental processes that are involved in knowing, as well as information processing. (How humans interpret information, weigh it, store it, and apply it) |
| What is the Evolutionary Approach? | A theory that believes if an environment changes, the traits that enhance survival in that environment will also gradually change, or evolve. (Adaptation, Reproduction, Natural Selection) |
| What is the Sociocultural Approach? | Focuses on social and cultural environments, as well as the differences between ethnic & cultural groups across countries. |
| What are 3 ways you can have a career in psychology? | Through practice/application, research, and teaching |
| How does the MIND impact the body? | You are physically affected by what goes on in your mind. For example, your heart rate may increase when you experience feelings of anxiety when you have to make a speech in front of other people or when you do something for the first time. |
| How does the BODY impact the mind? | How you feel physically can directly affect how you think and feel mentally. For example, if you have chronic back pain, you may be more vulnerable to feelings of irritability or frustration. |
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melissaparkerasc
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