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AP Psych Vocab (C)
AP Psych Vocabulary (C)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| the theory that an emotion-arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers (1) physiological responses and (2) the subjective experience of emotion | Cannon-Bard Theory |
| an observation technique in which one person is studied in depth in the hope of revealing universal principles. | Case Study |
| emotional release; the catharsis hypothesis maintains that "releasing" aggressive energy (through action or fantasy) relieves aggressive urges | Catharsis |
| the brain and spinal cord. | Central Nervous System (CNS) |
| attitude change in which interested people focus on the actual argument and respond with favorable thoughts | Central Route of Persuasion |
| the "little brain" at the rear of the brainstem; functions include processing sensory input and coordinating movement output and balance. | Cerebellum |
| the intricate fabic of interconnected neural cells covering the cerebral hemispheres; the body's ultimate control and information-processing center. | Cerebral Cortex |
| the tendency to fail to detect changes in any part of a scene to which we are not focusing our attention | Change Blindness |
| threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes. | Chromosomes |
| organizing items into familiar, manageable units; often occurs automatically | Chunking |
| the biological clock; regular bodily rhythms (for example, of temperature and wakefulness) that occur on a 24-hour cycle | Circadian Rhythm |
| a type of learning in which one learns to link two or more stimuli and anticipate events | Classical Conditioning |
| a humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathic environment to facilitate client's growth. Also called personcentered therapy. | Client Centered Therapy |
| A branch of psychology that studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders. | Clinical Psychology |
| The fluid-filled, coiled tunnel in the inner ear that contains the receptors for hearing. | Cochela |
| a device for converting sounds into electrical signals and stimulating the auditory nerve through electrodes threaded into the cochlea | Cochlear Implant |
| the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating | Cognition |
| a popular integrative therapy that combines cognitive therapy with behavior therapy | Cognitive Behavioral Therapy |
| theory that we act to reduce the discomfort we feel when two of our thoughts are inconsistent; change our attitudes rather than our behaviors | Cognitive Dissonance Theory |
| a mental representation of the layout of one's environment. for example, after exploring a maze, rats act as if they have learned this | Cognitive Map |
| the interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition (including perception, thinking, memory, and language). | Cognitive Neuroscience |
| the scientific study of all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating. | Cognitive Psychology |
| therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking and acting; based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions | CognitiveTherapy |
| Carl Jung's concept of a shared, inherited reservoir of memory traces form our species' history. | Collective Unconscious |
| giving priority to the goals of one's group (often one's extended family or work group) and defining one's identity accordingly. | Collectivism |
| perceiving familiar objects as having consistent color, even if changing illumination alters the wavelengths reflected by the object | Color Constancy |
| the deep affectionate attachment we feel for those with whom our lives are intertwined | Companionate Love |
| a mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas, or people | Concept |
| in Piaget's theory, the stage of cognitive development (from about 6 or 7 to 11 years of age) during which children gain the mental operations that enable them to think logically about concrete events | Concrete Operational Stage |
| a stimulus that gains its reinforcing power through its association with a primary reinforcer; also known as a secondary reinforcer | Conditioned Reinforcer |
| in classical conditioning, the learned response to a previously neutral stimulus | Conditioned Response |
| in classical conditioning, an originally irrelevant stimulus that, after association with an unconditioned stimulus, comes to trigger a conditioned response | Conditioned Stimulus |
| hearing loss caused by damage to the mechanical system that conducts sound waves to the cochlea | Conduction Hearing Loss |
| Retinal receptor cells that are concentrated near the center of the retina and that function in daylight or in well-lit conditions. The cones detect fine detail and give rise to color sensations. | Cones |
| a tendency to search for information that supports our preconceptions and to ignore or distort contradictory evidence | Confirmation Bias |
| a perceived incompatibility of actions, goals, or ideas | Conflict |
| adjusting one's behavior/thinking to coincide with a group standard | Conformity |
| a factor other than the independent variable that might produce an effect in an experiment | Confounding Variable |
| our awareness of ourselves and our environment | Consciousness |
| the principle (which Piaget believed to be a part of concrete operational reasoning) that properties such as mass, volume, and number remain the same despite changes in the forms of objects | Conservation |
| the extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest. | Content Validity |
| reinforcing the desired response every time it occurs | Continuous Reinforcement |
| in an experiment, the group that is not exposed to the treatment; contrasts with the experimental group and serves as a comparison for evaluating the effect of the treatment. | Control Group |
| A rare somatoform disorder in which a person experiences very specific genuine physical symptoms for which no physiological basis can be found. | Conversion Disorder |
| the clogging of the vessels that nourish the heart muscle; the leading cause of death in North America | Coronary Heart Disease |
| the large band of neural fibers connecting the two brain hemispheres and carrying messages between them. | Corpus Callosum |
| a measure of the extent to which two factors vary together, and thus of how well either factor predicts the other. | Correlation |
| a statistical index of the relationship between to things (from -1 to +1). | Correlation Coefficient |
| a branch of psychology that assists people with problems in living (often related to school, work, or marriage) and in achieving greater well-being. | Counseling Psychology |
| a behavior therapy procedure that uses classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors; includes exposure therapies and aversive conditioning | Counterconditioning |
| the ability to produce novel and valuable ideas | Creativity |
| an optimal period shortly after birth when an organism's exposure to certain stimuli or experience produces proper development | Critical Period |
| thinking that does not blindly accept arguments and conclusions. Rather, it examines assumptions, discerns hidden values, evaluates evidence, and assesses conclusions. | Critical Thinking |
| a study in which people of different ages are compared with one another | Cross-Sectional Study |
| our accumulated knowledge and verbal skills; tends to increase with age | Crystallized Intelligence |
| a series of X-ray photographs taken from different angles and combined by computer into a composite representation of a slice through the body. Also called CAT scan. | CT (Computed Tomography) Scan |
| the enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, values, and traditions shared by a group of people and transmitted through generations | Culture |
Created by:
laurenm25
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