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Ant. colinergici

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Agenti antimuscarinici Atropina, Benztropina, CIcopentolato, Darifenacina, Fesoterodina, Ipratropio, Ossibutinina, Scopolamina, Solifenacina, Tiotropio, Tolterodina, , Triesifenidile, Tropicamide, Trospio cloruro
Agenti antinicotinici Bloccanti gangliari Bloccanti neuromuscolari
Bloccanti gangliari Mecamilamina, Nicotina
Bloccanti neuromuscolari Atracurio, Cisatracurio, Pancuronio, Rocuronio, Rocuronio, Succinilcolina, Vecuronio
Meccanismo d'azione atropina (parte 1) 1. Antagonismo recettori M post-sinaptici -> mancata risposta 2. Antagonismo recettori M presinaptici -> Bassi dosaggi -> effetto bradicardizzante (blocco degli autocettori presinaptici) -> maggiore rilascio di aceticolina
Meccanismo d'azione atropina (parte 2) 3. Soppressione del controllo crociato sul sistema ortosimpatico 4. Soppressione dell'autocontrollo sui corpi cellulari SNC
Effetti atropina Dosaggi elevati -> irrequietezza, irritabilità, disorientamento, allucinazioni, delirio Utilizzo come antidoto
Effetti scopolamina Seddazione, amensia, sonnolenza Trattamento delle chinetosi
Utilizzi clinici antimuscarinici Trattamento del Parkinson -> Iperattività neuroni colinergici striato (tremore) Midriasi pupillare, Paralisi d'accomodazione
Bloccanti muscolari Competivi Curari -> competizione con acetilcolina Blocco reversibile con anticolinesterasici
BLoccanti muscolari Depolarizzanti Succinilcolina -> Agonista ma funzionalmente un antagonist -> provoca refrattariazione rapida dei recettori Facicolazioni -> utilizzati in chirurgia per rilassare un muscolo nel sito dell'operazione
Effetti collaterali antimuscarinici istamino liberazione -> Ipotensione, broncocostrizione, broncospasmo
Created by: Zuki
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