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psychology: paper 1:

psychology: paper 1: attachment: cultural variations in attachment style:

QuestionAnswer
1. who are the researchers in the cultural variations in attachment style research? Ijzendoorn and Kroonenberg et al (1988)
2. what year did Ijzendoorn and Kroonenberg conduct their study? 1988
3. what was Ijzendoorn's and Kroonenberg's aims? to investigate if there were significant differences in the secure, insecure avoidant and insecure resistant attachments in a range of countries
4. what was Ijzendoorn's and Kroonenberg's procedure? meta analysis of 32 studies in 8 different countries for 1990 children
5. what are the findings? variations within the same country were 1.5x greater than those between countries all had secure attachment as the most UK 77% secure 2% resistent and 21% avoidant whereas japan was 69% secure, 29% resistent and 3% avoidant
6. explain Takahashi's (1990) study? recreate strange situation study using 60 middle class Japanese babies finding there was high insecure attachments as babies are not used to being separated from mothers
7. explain Grossman and Grossman's (1991) study found babies in West Germany were more likely to be insecurely attached because in Germany they value independence
8. strength of the methodology of Ijzendoorn and Kroonenberg's research? meta analysis using a large sample of 1900 children is very representative
9. how were the samples used in the meta analysis unrepresentative of cultures though? very little meaning in comparison to whole countries as many sub cultures found eg same country had 1.5x greater variations than between countries
10. how does Bowlby's theory offer an alternative explanation to why there are similarities in the findings? attachment is an innate mechanism so there would be variations regardless of culture
Created by: chachink
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